陕西红富士苹果气候品质指标及认证技术

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2018.09.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2016年和2017年陕西红富士主栽县11个定点采样果园物候及品质调查数据，采用多元逐步回归法和加权求和法，建立苹果单项气候品质指标模型、果品气候品质分级指标及果品气候品质评价指数，以期为开展陕西红富士苹果气候品质认证提供科学依据。结果表明：陕西红富士苹果单果重、硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量与膨大期降水量、幼果期日较差、着色成熟期平均最低气温及着色成熟期降水量呈显著正相关关系（P＜0.05），果径与全生长季平均气温呈显著负相关关系（P＜0.05）；特优级红富士苹果的气候品质指标为幼果期日较差＞7.9℃，膨大期降水量≥134.9mm，着色成熟期平均最低气温≥6.1℃，着色成熟期降水量≤79mm，全生长季平均气温≤17.5℃；陕西红富士苹果气候品质评价指数CQEI的预测准确率为86.7%，可用于实际认证业务。

关键词: 红富士苹果, 物候期, 气候品质, 评价指数

Abstract: The phenology and fruit quality data from 11 Fuji apple orchards of the main production counties in Shaanxi province were collected between 2016 and 2017. Multiple?stepwise?regression and weighted sum method were used to establish the climate quality index and the climate quality certification model，which could provide scientific supports for the quality assessments of Fuji apple in Shaanxi. Results indicated that the average fruit weight, firmness, soluble solid and titratable acid content were all significantly positive related with the precipitation during the fruit expanding stage, the daily temperature ranges during the young fruit period, as well as the mean minimum temperature and precipitation during the ripe period (P<0.05). However, significant negative correlation was found between fruit horizontal?diameterand the average temperature during the growing season (P<0.05). In order to yield better Fuji apples, the relevant climatic conditions listed below should be satisfied, such asthe daily temperature ranges during the young fruit period larger than 7.9℃, the precipitation during the fruit expanding stage≥134.9mm, the mean minimum temperatureand precipitation during the ripe period≥6.1℃ and ≤79mm, respectively, as well as the average temperature during the growing season≤17.5℃. The?prediction accuracy of CQEI was 86.7%, which implied that the quality evaluation index in this study could be used to assess the quality of Fuji apples in Shaanxi.

Key words: Red Fuji apple, Phenological phase, Climate quality, Climate quality evaluation index

刘璐，王景红，张树誉，刘新生. 陕西红富士苹果气候品质指标及认证技术[J]. 中国农业气象, 2018, 39(09): 611-617.

LIU Lu, WANG Jing-hong, ZHANG Shu-yu, LIU Xin-sheng. Climate Quality Index and Climate Quality Certification Model of Red Fuji Apple in Shaanxi Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(09): 611-617.

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