干旱条件下栓皮栎叶片光系统活性受损的温度指标

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.05.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用盆栽控制土壤水分和气候箱控制温度的方法，定量研究高温对栓皮栎幼苗胁迫的温度指标。设定土壤体积含水量>14.5%（无干旱胁迫，T0）、12.5%～14.5%（轻度干旱，T1）、9.5%～11.5%（中度干旱胁迫，T2）、5.5%～7.5%（重度干旱胁迫，T3）4种土壤水分处理水平，在气温35、37、39、…、49℃下，各温度处理时间均设置为1、2、…、6h。通过测定干旱条件下栓皮栎叶片光系统PSII最大量子效率Fv/Fm、光合量子产额Y(II)、调节性热耗散Y(NPQ)和非调节性热耗散Y(NO)等叶绿素荧光参数随温度的变化过程，确定叶片光系统活性受损的温度指标。结果表明：（1）从T0、T1、T2到T3，Fv/Fm、Y(II)随温度上升其曲线的降低幅度逐渐增加，说明干旱水平对胁迫温度指标有较大影响；（2）由Fv/Fm确定的不同干旱水平PSII受损的温度指标为51.6～57.5℃；而由Y(II)确定的胁迫影响光合作用产率的温度指标为40.7～52.5℃；（3）Y(NPQ)开始上升的温度由T0、T1的45℃降至T2的43℃、T3的41℃；（4）Y(NO)的变化表现为T0不升高，T1大于47℃时开始升高，T2和T3在45℃以上开始升高。说明干旱和高温叠加条件下，PSII受损的温度和光合作用产率下降的温度指标与无干旱相比有较大差异，干旱胁迫越严重叶片光系统PSII受损的温度指标越低。干旱使栓皮栎主动和被动热耗散均增加，主动耗散过剩光能开始增加的温度低于被动热耗散开始增加的温度。

关键词: 栓皮栎, 干旱胁迫, 叶绿素荧光, 光系统损伤, 温度指标

Abstract: The temperature index of Quercus variabilis seedling in high temperature and drought stress was determined using method of soil water controlling in pot and temperature controlling in climate box. Soil volumetric humidity >14.5% was set as no drought stress (T0), 12.5%?14.5% was set as mild drought (T1), 9.5%?11.5% was set as moderate drought (T2) and 5.5%?7.5% was set as severe drought (T3). The temperature was controlled at 35，37，39，…，49℃ and at any temperature of which keeping treating time as 1，2，…，6h. The parameters of Chlorophyll Fluorescence measured were Fv/Fm, Y(II), ETR, Y(NPQ) and Y(NO), which were used to determine stress temperature index. The results showed: (1) from mild, moderate to severe drought, the changing curves of Fv/Fm, Y(II) adapt to temperature decreased more rapidly, which indicated the drought serious level had obvious significance on temperature stress index. (2)The temperature indices of different drought levels indicating PSII damaging determined by Fv/Fm were 51.6?57.5℃; The temperature indices of different drought levels indicating PSII efficiency of photosynthesis determined by Y(II) were 40.7?52.5℃; (3) Regulatory heat dissipation Y(NPQ) began to rise at 45℃ by T0 and T1, and at 43℃ by T2, 41℃ by T3; (4) Nonregulatory heat dissipation Y(NO) of T0 hardly rise, and T1 began to rise at 47℃, T2 and T3 began to rise at 45℃. The results above indicated the temperature indices of PSII damaged and photosynthetic efficiency decreased under superimposed drought conditions were significantly different from those without drought. The more drought, the lower the stress temperature index. Both active and passive heat dissipations of Quercus variabilis were increased by drought stress, and the temperature at which excess light energy of active dissipation began to increase was lower than that at which passive heat dissipation began to increase.

Key words: Quercus variabilis, Drought stress, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Photo system damage, Temperature index

王谦，陈泠澍，赵薇，陈景玲，张劲松，杨喜田，赵勇. 干旱条件下栓皮栎叶片光系统活性受损的温度指标[J]. 中国农业气象, 2019, 40(05): 308-316.

WANG Qian, CHEN Ling-shu, ZHAO Wei, CHEN Jing-ling, ZHANG Jin-shong, YANG Xi-tian,ZHAO Yong. Temperature Index of Quercus variabilis Leaf PSII Activity Damage under High Temperature Combined with Drought[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(05): 308-316.

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