Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 1357-1368.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2024.11.010

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Different Varieties and Planting Densities Influence on the Transpiration Rate of Xinjiang Cotton

ZHAO Ming-ze, ZHANG Ze-shan, WANG Xue-jiao, SONG Yan-hong, SUN Shuai, HU Yan-ping, PARHAT Maimaiti, ZHANG Li-zhen, BAKE Batur, LI Jie   

  1. 1.College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052, China; 2. College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083; 3. Urumqi Desert Meteorological Research Institute of China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002; 4.National Engineering Center for Cotton, Urumqi 830091; 5. Xinjiang Agricultural Meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002
  • Received:2023-12-20 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-11-12

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Abstract:

To study the impact of different varieties and planting densities on the transpiration rate of cotton in Xinjiang, a field experiment was conducted in 2022 in Wulanwusu, Xinjiang. Three cotton varieties (' Zhongmian 979'  ' Zhongmian 703'  and 'Guoxin cotton' ) and two planting densities (D1:22 plants·m−2; D2:11 plants·m−2) were establish for treatment. The transpiration rate was measured using a heat ratio stem flow meter, and the differences in daily average transpiration, daily transpiration change, and cumulative transpiration of cotton under different weather conditions (sunny, rainy) and time scales were compared to clarify the water consumption rules of cotton under different varieties and densities in northern Xinjiang. The results showed that: (1) planting density had a significant impact on the cumulative and daily transpiration rates of cotton population. The cumulative and daily transpiration rates of cotton increased significantly under D1 planting density. Under D1 planting density treatment, the cumulative and daily transpiration rates of three varieties were significantly higher than those under D2 planting density treatment (an average increase of 51.2%). (2) Cotton varieties had a significant impact on individual and group transpiration, with ' Zhongmian 703'  higher stem flow rate, daily transpiration rate, and cumulative transpiration than other varieties. (3) The transpiration of a single cotton plant showed a "几" shaped variation pattern on a daily scale. During the day (9：00−21：00), the transpiration was relatively stable, but there was still a slight stem flow at night due to root pressure. (4) The transpiration rate and amount of cotton decreased month by month from July to September. The daily transpiration curve of cotton in September gradually transitioned to a unimodal pattern, and the daytime transpiration starts later (10：00) and ends earlier (20：00). (5) Accumulated transpiration had a positive correlation with both seed cotton yield and average leaf area, but it was not significant.

Key words: Cotton, Planting density, Stem flow meter, Transpiration rate, Transpiration