Abstract:

This study systematically analyzed the coupling effects of planting and wind direction on field temperature and humidity of winter wheat during the jointing−maturity period in high−standard farmland in Henan province, based on wind speed and direction data, temperature and humidity data at 30cm height and real−life monitoring maps of planting directions from 41 high−standard farmland microclimate monitoring stations in Henan province from 2020 to 2023, combined with meteorological data from 41 neighboring national meteorological stations. The results showed that. (1) from 2020 to 2023, the average wind speed during the jointing−maturity stage of winter wheat in high standard fields in Henan province gradually decreased from west to east. The average wind speed in Sanmenxia, western Henan was 0.6m·s⁻¹ higher than that in Shangqiu, eastern Henan. The frequency of wind level 5 and above was higher in Hebi, Luoyang and Sanmenxia in northern Henan, Zhengzhou in central Henan (40%−51%). Strong winds mainly occurred during the jointing−heading or heading−flowering stages of winter wheat. (2) The planting in northern Henan was mainly oriented in east−west direction, generally corresponding to southerly winds. The east−west direction of planting fields in southern Henan cultivation corresponded to easterly winds, while the north−south direction corresponded to north−westerly winds. In eastern and central Henan, the dominant wind directions in north−south−oriented wheat fields were mainly southerly and northerly, and the planting directions were relatively consistent with the local dominant wind directions. (3) Planting and wind directions significantly affected field temperature and humidity. In fields at similar latitudes, winter wheat planted in east−west rows typically exhibited higher field temperatures than north−south rows at similar latitudes. When the wind directions coincided with the planting directions, the temperature and humidity were reduced to a certain extent. 

Key words: Winter wheat, Jointing?maturity stage, Planting row direction, Dominant wind direction, Field temperature and humidity