Effects of Nighttime Soil Warming and No tillage on Soybean Growth and the
Utilization of N and P

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2014.01.006

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of nighttime warming and no tillage on soybean growth and its uptake and utilization of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), field nighttime warming system was designed in trial field in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. The experiments were conducted with four treatments, that is, normal nighttime temperature with traditional tillage (CK), nighttime warming with traditional tillage (W), normal nighttime temperature with no tillage (NT), and nighttime warming with no tillage (WNT). The results showed that compared to CK, nighttime warming (W) significantly decreased plant biomass by 6%-25% during the growing season (P＜0.05), whereas had little effect on grain yield, grains per plant, grain weight per plant, and 100-seed weight of soybean. During branching and flowering stages, warming reduced N accumulation by 30% and 20%, respectively, and P accumulation by 39% and 39%. No tillage had a limited effect on grain yield and yield components, but significantly decreased plant biomass, translocation amounts and efficiencies of N and P (P＜0.01). Warming with no tillage (WNT) treatment significantly decreased plant biomass and grain yield by 29% and 34%, respectively (P＜0.01). Moreover, grains per plant, grain weight per plant, and 100-seed weight of soybean were reduced by 22%, 22% and 3%, respectively, under WNT treatment. Meanwhile, at maturity, N and P accumulations were 20% and 22% lower under WNT treatment than under CK treatment, respectively. Thus, this study indicated that grain yield and yield components of soybean were hardly affected by single factor like either nighttime warming or no tillage, whereas nighttime warming with no tillage significantly reduced grain yield of soybean and N and P accumulation.Therefore, it is unfavorable to soybean production by means of no tillage under climate warming condition.

Key words: Climate change, Nighttime warming, No tillage, N translocation, P accumulation

CHU Dai wei，ZHANG Yao hong,ZHAO Juan，XIE Xiao jin. Effects of Nighttime Soil Warming and No tillage on Soybean Growth and the
Utilization of N and P[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2014, 35(01): 42-47.

References

[1]IPCC.Climate change，impact，adaptation，and vulnerability[M].London：Cambridge University Press，2001.
[2]IPCC.Climate change 2007：synthesis report，summary for policymakers[R]．http：//www.ipcc.ch．，2010-01-29．
[3]刘跃平，刘太平，刘文平，等．玉米整秸秆覆盖的集水增产作用[J]．中国水土保持，2003，(4)：32-33.
[4]杜懋国，邱振英，张广柱．旱地大豆带作少耕栽培的田间小气候及对产量的影响[J].中国农业气象，1994，15(6)：22-25.
[5]陈素英，张喜英，刘孟雨.玉米秸秆覆盖麦田下的土壤温度和土壤水分动态规律[J]．中国农业气象，2002，23(4)：34-37.
[6]孙建，刘苗，李立军，等．免耕与留茬对土壤微生物量C、N及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报，2009，29(10)：5508-5515．
[7]姜勇，梁文举，闻大中.免耕对农田土壤微生物特性的影响[J].土壤通报，2004，35(3)：347-351．
[8]田云录，陈金，邓艾兴，等.开放式增温下非对称性增温对冬小麦生长特征及产量构成的影响[J].应用生态学报，2011，22(3)：681-686．
[9]房世波，谭凯炎，任三学.气候变暖对冬小麦生长和产量影响的实验研究[J].中国科学D辑：地球科学，2012，42(7)：1069-1075.
[10]董文军，邓艾兴，张彬，等.开放式昼夜不同增温对单季稻影响的试验研究[J].生态学报，2011，31(8)：2169-2177．
[11]陈甲瑞，梁银丽，周茂娟，等.免耕和施肥对玉米光合速率的影响[J].水土保持研究，2006，13(6)：72-74.
[12]秦红灵，高旺盛，李春阳.北方农牧交错带免耕对农田耕层土壤温度的影响[J].农业工程学报，2007，23(1)：40-47．
[13]Beier C，Emmett B A，Peñuelas J，et al．Carbon and nitrogen cycles in European ecosystems respond differently to global warming[J]．Science of the Total Environment，2008，407(1)：692-697．
[14]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京：中国农业出版社，2000：39-76.
[15]房世波，谭凯炎，任三学.夜间增温对冬小麦生长和产量影响的实验研究[J].中国农业科学，2010，43(15)：3251-3258．
[16]Sardans J，Penuelas J，Prieto P，et al. Drought and warming induced changes in P and K concentration and accumulation in plant biomass and soil in a Mediterranean shrubland[J].Plant Soil，2008，306（1-2）：261-271.
[17]Llorens L，Penuelas J，Beier C，et al. Effects of an experimental increase of temperature and drought on the photosynthetic performance of two ericaceous shrub species along a North South European gradient[J].Ecosystems，2004，7（6）：613-624.
[18]江晓东，李增嘉，侯连涛.少免耕对灌溉农田冬小麦/夏玉米作物水、肥利用的影响[J].农业工程学报，2005，21（7）：20-24.
[19]冯跃华，邹应斌，Roland J B.免耕移栽对两系杂交水稻两优培九若干群体特征的影响[J].中国水稻科学，2011，25（1）：65-70.
[20]董文旭，陈素英，胡春胜，等．少免耕模式对冬小麦生长发育及产量性状的影响[J]．华北农学报，2007，22(2)：141-144．