Emission Characteristics of Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas during the Low C/N Ratio Swine Manure Composting

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.11.001

Abstract

Abstract:

The animal farms produce large amount of manure, and the composting process of animal manure needs to supply external carbon source material, which adds the treatment cost. In addition, the available data about the gas emission during low C/N composting of pig manure are lack. Hence, the emission of NH₃ (ammonia), N₂O (nitrous oxide), CO₂ (carbon dioxide) and CH₄ (methane) during the composting of pig manure was monitored continuously using an Innova 1312 monitor. The results showed that the daily average temperature inside composing bin over 50℃ was more than 10 days, which could secure pathogen inactivation and meet the non-hazardous requirement of national standards. After 31d composting, cumulative emissions of NH₃, N₂O, CO₂ and CH₄ per kg initial matter were 2.27, 0.07, 135.72 and 0.24g, respectively. The NH₃ emissions occurred mainly in the first week and 10 days after turning, which account for 30.02% and 36.15% of the total NH₃ emission, respectively. Nevertheless, GHG (greenhouse gases) emissions focused on the fourth week, accounting for 30.9% of the total emissions. If CO2 was not considered, N₂O was the main contributor to GHG, with a contribution rate of 72.02%. There was a positive correlation (P＜0.01) between the accumulated amount of gas emission (NH₃, N₂O, CH₄ and CO₂) and the pH value during composting, and a good negative correlation with water content and C/N ratio (P＜0.01). Therefore, the control of NH3 during the composting of pig manure should be focused on the first week and after turning of the composting process, while GHG emission reduction should focus on the N₂O emission during the later period of composting (the fifth week).

Key words: Manure, Composting, Ammonia, Greenhouse gas, C/N ratio

ZHOU Tan-long, SHANG Bin, DONG Hong-min, ZHU Zhi-ping, TAO Xiu-ping, ZHANG Wan-qin. Emission Characteristics of Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas during the Low C/N Ratio Swine Manure Composting[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2017, 38(11): 689-698.

References

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