Table of Content

10 April 1998, Volume 19 Issue 02

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Effect of Water in Different Stages on the Yield of Spring Wheat

Sun Yankun Liang Rongxin Yang Aimin (Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 1500030) Zhao Yunlong (Suburban Seed Corporation of Jiamusi)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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The effects of water in different stages on the yield of spring wheat were studied using the method of quadratic rotary design and taking the simulated precipitation in May, June and July as the variable factors. The results show that the precipitation in May and June (jointing and heading stages) are the control factors, the effect of the precipitation in July is less. The suitable water indexes on the two varieties are given: the precipitation in May, June and July are 61.4, 107.3 and 137.0mm for ombrophilous varieties or 44.0, 106.6 and 117.0mm for drought-resistant varieties. Under these conditions, the yield will reach more than 225 kg/(666.7m 2).

Studies on the Conditioning and Controlling of Light Quality Environment of Rice Colonies under Simulated Cloudy Conditions during Flowering filling Period

Li Lin 1 Yao Yongkang 2 Liu Minhua 2 Tang Yinfeng 1 Wei Chaoling 2 ( 1 Institute of Agricultural Modernization, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014; 2 Department of Agronomly, Anhui Agricutural University)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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By analysis of the differences in the absorption radiant energies of different rice varieties with different cultural management under simulated cloudy conditions during flowering filling period, the relationship between light quality and yield formation were illustrated. The results indicate that the most important ways to improve the light quality within rice colonies in flowering filling period when the solar radiation is lack were as follows: combining the local climatic characteristics with practice in rice praduction, selection of suitable rice varieties with a good plant type, transplanting rice with a reasonable density and row space and properly using the effective plant growth regulators.

Studies on Fresh keeping Methods of Mango during the Transportation

Zhu Yong Wang Pengyun (Meteorological Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650034)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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Systematic investigations on effects of environmental factors on the quality of mango treated with different fresh keeping methods during the long or short distance transpotation with trucks and trains, etc. were made. According to the tests carried out in practice, best fresh keeping methods under dynamic conditions were screened.

Simulation Model and Validation of Dry Matter Accumulation of Cotton

Li Bingbai Xu LihuaMa Xinming(Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014)(Henan Agricultural University)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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Based on the theories of phsiology and meteorology, models of dry matter accumulation and photosynthesis were established. In these models, leaf area dynamic, light interception, phtosynthsis and respiration were included, and the effects of temperature, fertilizer and other green part were considered. The results of validation showed that, the correlation coefficient between simulated and observed values of dry matter accumulation was 0.9046, and the standard error was 310.305kg/hm 2.

Study on the Influence of Meteorological Factors on Daily Activity of Osmia Excavata Alfken

Zhang Fulong ( Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100094) Yuan Feng ( Entomological Institute, Northwestern Agricultural University)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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The biological characteristics of Osmia. excavata Alfken is influenced greatly by the meteorological factors. the results of the study showed that the daily average temperature (DAT) is the most important factor influencing the occurrence from cocoon, and then the photoperiod, minimum and maxi mum temperature. After the occurrence of adults, the frequency of the activity of the female is affected mainly by DAT during the period of the flowering of apple tree, i.e. the higher the temperature, the more frequency of activity. However, the frequency of activity has a negative correlation to the velocity of wind. Under the conditions of less rainy days during the blooming period, the temperature is the main factor influencing the reproductive rate, then is the duration of day and the velocity of wind.

The Forecast and Relation Between the Turning Green of Natural Pasture in the District Around Qinghai Lake and Meteorological Conditions

Yan Liangdong (Haibe Animal Experimental Station, Haibei Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai, Haibei 810200)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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The time of turning green of the natural pasture in the district around Qinghai lake is related to the climate, storage of soil water, the growing state of hebage. When forcasting, It is unsuitable in this area for forcasting the time of turning green of the natural pasture by utilizing the indexes of atmosphere temperature’s passing 0℃ or 3℃ steadily. Good results are obtained by utilizing grey theory and evapotranspiration theory in forcast.

The Quality of Delicious Apple and Climatic Conditions in Taihang Mountain Area

Liu Jintong Cai Hong Gao Fucun (Shijiazhuang Institute of Agricultural Modernization, CAS, Shijiazhuang 050021)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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Compared with the quality characteristics and the climatic conditions in high quality Delicious apple area, the apple fruit produced in Taihang mountain area has good colouring and shape, higher sugar content, lower crisp. The climatic conditions contributing to this high quality are enough sunlight in growing period abundant rainfall and higher daily temperature variation in summer.

Resistance of Upland raised Rice Seedlings on Stress of Low Temperature and Overcast Rainy in Early Spring in South of the Changjiang River

Chen Zhiyin Zhao GuopingTang Tianming Fan Zhongxin(Zhejiang Agricultural University,Hangzhou 310029)(Yuhang County Agricultural Research Institute)Miao Tianmin (Huangzhou Agricultural Bureau)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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Based on the data of the field experiments carried out in three years, the rate of emergence and the growth of rice seedlings on the upland and lowland seedling beds, and their relationships with the associated weather factors were analysed. The results showed that the percentage of emergence and seedling planting percent on the upland were more than that of in the lowland. Under stress of low temperature, seeds life on the upland was longer than that in the lowland. It was because that the seeds in bed wait for climatic change from rain to clear. Two peaks of rotting seedling occurred before or after the sprouts come out of the ground and during the period of 1.1 ￣ 2.0 leaves. If the rice seedling suffered from stress of low temperature before they come out of the ground, the phenomenon of the rotting seedling will still last for a few days. During low temperature, the rates of leaves appearance, growth of stems and root system on the upland were faster than those in the lowland bed. The percentage of rice seedling planting of the early japonica rice is higher than that of the early indica rice. The main factors affecting the rotting seedlings were the accumulated low temperature, <10℃ days and <10℃ rain days. The mathematical models that was made up of germination percentage and accumulated low temperature could accurately simulate the percentage of rice seedling planting.

An Analysis on the Relationship Between the Growth of Early Season Rice Seedlings Raised on Upland and Its Grain Yield and Meteorological Factors

Chen Zhiyin Zhao GuopingTang Tianming Fan Zhongxin(Zhejiang Agricultural University, Hangzhou 310029)(Yuhang City Agricultural Research Institute)

1998, 19(02):  . 

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The results of three year studies showed that the seedling raised on the upland started tillering when air temperature was above 11℃. The tillering number of a single plant and the grain number of a single ear were much more than those of seedlings raised on the lowland. The grain yield was 10% higher than that of the seedlings raised on the lowland. The duration of daily insolation and air temperature had a significant effect on the effective ear and the grain number of a single ear. The overcast rainy and low temperature in early plum rains had a significant negative effect on the heading flowering and early filling stage. According to the basic principle of agrometeorology and physiology, a dynamic model of formating process of early season rice yield was established. The model contained 4 submodles, i.e., the effective stems, the grain number of a single ear, the percentage of empty spikelet and the thousand grain weight. By using the model, the dynamic process of the rice yield was simulated, and also a comparison was made between the simulated results and observed values. the results showed that the greatest error was about 5%.