关键词: 气候变化, 内蒙古中部草原, 气候生产潜力, Thornthwaite Memorial模型, Miami模型

Abstract: Based on the climate date in 1961-2007 in the grassland of the Central Inner Mongolia,the response of the potential climate productivity to the climate change was analyzed,by using the Miami model and Thornthwaite Memorial model. The climatic factors affected the productivity were discussed. The results showed that the potential climate productivity in the grassland of the Central Inner Mongolia had the consistent difference with the geographical distribution and the precipitation distribution. The potential climate productivity was with 3000-7000kg·ha-1each year,which distributed in the different grassland types from high to low in following order:steppe,agro-pastoral ecotone,desert steppe,steppe desert. The climatic utilization was by 23.8%-48.2%,which varied in the different grasslands. The precipitation was the key climatic factor limited the potential climate productivity and actual productivity by analyzing experimented date and climate productivity modelling. Both temperature and precipitation increase could enhance the potential climate productivity. The impact of temperature and precipitation change on the potential climate productivity varied in the different grassland. The potential climate productivity increased or decreased by 6.75-29.07kg ·ha-1 each year as the temperature increased or decreased by 1℃,while the potential climate productivity increased or decreased by 0.83-1.86kg·ha-1each year as the precipitation increased or decreased by 1mm. Under the background of drier and warmer tendency,the increasing amount of potential climate productivity with temperature increase was less than decreasing amount with evapotranspiration increase. Therefore,climate drying and warming in the future will lead to potential climate productivity decrease. The more obviously the potential climate productivity was limited by precipitation,the more significantly the potential climate productivity decreased.

Key words: Climate change, Grassland of Central Inner Mongolia, Potential climate productivity, Thornthwaite Memorial model, Miami model