中国农业气象 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (06): 469-478.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2023.06.002

• 农业生态环境栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

利用SWAT模型分析乌江流域蓝绿水时空分布特征

康文东,倪福全,邓玉,向军   

  1. 四川农业大学水利水电学院,雅安 625014
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 倪福全,博士,教授,主要从事水安全和农业水土环境研究,E-mail:nfq1965@163.com E-mail:nfq1965@163.com
  • 作者简介::康文东,E-mail:2991464105@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省教育厅“农村水安全”工程研究中心项目(035Z2289)

Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of Blue-green Water Resources in Wujiang River Basin Based on SWAT Model

KANG Wen-dong, NI Fu-quan, DENG Yu, XIANG Jun   

  1. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agriculture University, Ya'an 625014, China
  • Received:2022-06-30 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-06-17

摘要: 蓝绿水评价可为流域水资源的全面管理提供科学参考,以地形复杂的乌江流域为例,基于SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)水文模型,通过年径流距平百分率法确定不同降水年型,利用曼−肯德尔M−K检验法(Mann−Kendall Trend Method)和线性回归趋势分析法分析评估乌江流域1992−2019年蓝绿水资源量时空特征和不同降水年型蓝绿水年内分配和空间分布差异。结果表明:(1)SWAT模型模拟效果较好,可以准确描述乌江流域水循环过程;(2)流域多年平均降水量、蓝水资源量和绿水资源量分别为1126mm、549mm和589mm,降水量和蓝水资源量总体呈下降趋势,绿水资源量总体呈上升趋势;(3)丰水年、平水年和枯水年绿水系数分别为46%、52%和58%,绿水资源量有所变化,对生态系统维持起重要作用;(4)从流域上游到下游,降水量和蓝水资源量均呈现出先增加再减少的趋势,绿水资源量呈现出先增加再减少最后增加的趋势;(5)蓝水资源量时空分布差异主要受降水量变化影响,绿水资源量时空分布受到降水量、气温和土地利用覆被变化的影响。

关键词: SWAT模型, 乌江流域, 蓝水, 绿水, 时空分布, 降水年型

Abstract: Blue-green water evaluation can provide scientific suggestion for the comprehensive management of water resources in the basin. Here Wujiang river basin was as an example, based on the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) hydrological model, the annual runoff anomaly percentage method was used to determine different precipitation patterns. The Mann-Kendall trend method(M-K) and the linear regression trend analysis method were applied to evaluate the temporal and spatial characteristics of blue-green water resources from 1992 to 2019 and the differences in the distribution and spatial distribution of blue-green water in different precipitation years. The results showed that: (1) the simulation of the SWAT model was better, which describe the water cycle process in Wujiang river basin. (2) The annual average precipitation, blue water resources and green water resources in the basin were 1126mm, 549mm and 589mm, respectively. The precipitation and blue water resources generally showed a decrease trend, but the green water resources exhibited an increase trend. (3) The green water coefficient were 46%, 52% and 58% in the wet year, normal year and dry year, respectively. Thus, the amount of green water resources has changed and plays an important role in ecosystem maintenance. (4) From the upstream to the downstream of the basin, the precipitation and blue water resources increased first and then decreased, while the green water resources presented a trend of first increasing, then decreasing and finally increasing. (5) The temporal and spatial variation of blue water resources was mainly impacted by the change of precipitation, while that of green water resources was affected by the change of precipitation, temperature, and land use cover.

Key words: SWAT model, Wujiang river basin, Blue water, Green water, Temporal and spatial distribution, Precipitation patterns