中国农业气象 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 872-882.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2025.06.012

• 农业生物气象栏目 • 上一篇    下一篇

贵州省气候生产潜力的时空变化特征

任青峰,翁玲,古堃,吴新豪,谢强,骆海顺   

  1. 1.贵州省仁怀市气象局,仁怀 564500;2.贵阳市气象局,贵阳 550006;3.贵州省习水县气象局,习水 564600
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-25 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-19
  • 作者简介:任青峰,E-mail:jesusr@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2024]−06−04号)

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Climate Potential Production in Guizhou Province

REN Qing-feng, WENG Ling, GU Kun, WU Xin-hao, XIE Qiang, LUO Hai-shun   

  1. 1.Renhuai Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Renhuai 564500, China; 2.Guiyang Meteorological Bureau, Guiyang 550006; 3.Xishui Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Xishui 564600
  • Received:2024-08-25 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-19

摘要:

依据1961−2023年贵州省79国家气象站数据,利用MiamiThornthwaite Memorial模型,分析贵州省气候生产潜力时空变化特征,以期为有效利用区域气候资源、科学规划农业生产提供参考。结果表明:(11961−2023年贵州省气温、降水量和标准气候生产潜力均存在显著突变,空间分布差异大。其中,气温以0.15℃·10a−1的速度增加P0.01,91.1%的站点增加趋势显著P0.052005年突变后平均气温较突变前增加了0.6℃;降水变化趋势不显著,8.9%的站点减少趋势显著(P0.052022年突变后年降水量减少了207.1mm;标准气候生产潜力变化趋势不显著,12.7%站点增加趋势显著(P0.05),1.3%站点减少趋势显著(P0.052012发生突变后平均标准气候生产潜力增加了280.8kg·hm−2;(219612023年贵州省全域气候生产潜力的水热配比均<11.3%的站点增加趋势显著P0.05),34.2%站点减少趋势显著P0.05未来水热配比更倾向于不平衡;(319612023年贵州省气温降水量对标准气候生产潜力的影响分别为422.0kg·hm−2·℃−14.0kg·hm−2·mm1,降水量为主要影响因子,未来贵州显著变暖情况下需要更加关注降水量变化带来的影响

关键词: 贵州, 气温, 降水量, 气候生产潜力, 气候变化

Abstract:

This study investigated the temporal and spatial variability characteristics of climate potential production in Guizhou province by utilizing data from 79 national meteorological stations (19612023) combined with the Miami and Thornthwaite Memorial models. The findings provided valuable references for optimizing climate resource utilization and guiding scientific agricultural production planning. The results indicated that: (1) from 1961 to 2023, Guizhou province experienced significant abrupt changes in temperature, precipitation and standard climate potential production, with substantial spatial distribution disparities. The temperature increased at a rate of 0.15°C·10y⁻¹ (P < 0.01), with 91.1% of the stations showed an increasing trend (P<0.05). After an abrupt change in 2005, the mean temperature rose by 0.6℃. Precipitation exhibited no significant overall trend, 8.9% of the stations demonstrated a decreasing tendency (P<0.05). After an abrupt change in 2022, the precipitation reduction 207.1mm. The standard climate potential production also showed no significant overall trend, but 12.7% of the stations displayed an increasing trend (P<0.05), while 1.3% exhibited a decreasing trend (P<0.05). After an abrupt change in 2012, the average standard climate potential production increased by 280.8kg·ha−1. (2) From 1961 to 2023, the water heat ratio of climate potential production across Guizhou province remained below 1, while 1.3% of the stations showed an increasing trend (P<0.05), 34.2% exhibited a decreasing trend (P<0.05). Projections suggested an increased imbalance in the watertoheat ratio of future climate potential production. (3) From 1961 to 2023, the sensitivity coefficients of standard climate potential production to temperature and precipitation changes in Guizhou were 422.0kg·ha−1·°C−1 and 4.0kg·ha−1·mm−1. Precipitation had a more dominant effect on the production of the standard climate potential production than temperature. Given the projected significant warming trend in Guizhou, enhanced attention should be paid to the impact of precipitation variability. 


Key words: Guizhou, Temperature, Precipitation, Climate potential production, Climate change