温度和CO2浓度升高对水稻幼苗的综合影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2015.05.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过人工气候箱模拟中国南方稻区湖北荆州地区大气CO2浓度和温度同时升高的3种气候情景,即在背景温度为24～29℃的人工气候箱中设置以CO2浓度为400molmol?1、升温0℃为对照（CK），以550molmol?1、升温2℃为中强度处理（M），以700molmol?1、升温4℃为高强度处理（H），将催芽后的稻种于各气候箱中处理10d，观测水稻种子萌发和幼苗生理特性的变化。结果表明，（1）水稻幼苗苗高、根长、根数（根长大于1cm）、根苗干重及活力指数均随着CO2浓度和温度的同时升高而上升，其中H处理下幼苗苗高比CK长5.78cm，根长比CK高12.91%，根苗干重为CK的2.6倍，活力指数为CK的3.1倍，种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数表现为M处理最高；（2）随着CO2浓度和温度同时升高，稻苗丙二醛（MDA）含量和可溶性糖（SS）逐渐降低，脯氨酸（Pro）含量先增加后减小，可溶性蛋白（SP）含量和过氧化氢酶（CAT）逐渐升高。说明在目前温度和CO2浓度条件下未来升温2～4℃同时CO2浓度增至550molmol?1和700molmol?1对湖北荆州稻区水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长不会产生明显不利影响，但此生长期稻苗营养元素累积受到制约。

关键词: CO2浓度, 温度, 水稻幼苗, 生理, 互作效应

Abstract: Future climate change tends to be with features of CO2 concentration and temperature increasing, which will produce significant influence on agriculture. This paper mainly focused on the effect of CO2 concentration and temperature increasing on rice seedling physiological characteristics of rice in southern China by simulating 3 climate scenarios, i.e., CO2 concentration 400molmol?1 and increasing 0℃ as control treatment (CK), 550molmol?1 and increasing 2℃ compared with CK as middle treatment (M), 700molmol?1 and increasing 4℃ compared with CK as high treatment (H). The seeds were placed into different treatments about 10 days after soaking and accelerating germination, then monitored relevant indexes of seed germination and physiological characteristics. The results showed that (1) as CO2 concentration and temperature increasing simultaneously, the height of seedling, the length of root, the number of root longer than 1cm, and dry weight of root and seedling and vigor index increased. Compared with CK, under H, height of rice seedling was higher 5.78cm, root length was 12.91% longer, dry weight of root and seedling was 2.6 times than CK, vigor index was 3.1 times than CK; germination vigor, germination rate and germination index achieved highest in medium treatment; (2)Along with CO2 concentration and temperature increasing simultaneously, malonicdial dehyde (MDA) content and soluble sugars (SS) content were gradually decreasing, proline (Pro) content was highest in medium treatment, soluble protein (SP) content and catalase (CAT) activity were increasing. In general, the future climatic change characteristics of CO2 concentration and temperature increasing simultaneously had no obvious adverse effect on rice germination and seedling growth with CO2 concentration increasing to 550molmol?1 and 700molmol?1, temperature increasing 2-4℃. But the nutrient elements would be limited in germination and seedling period.

Key words: Carbon dioxide concentration, Temperature, Rice seedling, Comprehensive effect rice quality rice quality

刘硕，王松鹤，游松财，李玉娥，万运帆，秦晓波. 温度和CO2浓度升高对水稻幼苗的综合影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2015, 36(05): 578-585.

LIU Shuo, WANG Song-he, YOU Song-cai, Li Yu-e, WAN Yun-fan, QIN Xiao-bo. Comprehensive Effects of CO2 Concentration and Temperature Increasing on Rice Seedling[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2015, 36(05): 578-585.

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