关键词: 土壤呼吸, 温度, 降水, 响应特征

Abstract: Warming of the climate and changes in precipitation patterns are major manifestations of climate change and abiotic factors affecting soil respiration. Authors presents a systematic analysis of recent research advances on the effects and mechanisms of temperature and moisture on soil respiration. The results show that:（1）there is positive feedback between soil respiration and climate warming, but the temperature adaptation weakens this positive feedback. The effect of temperature on soil respiration varies spatially and temporally due to the different duration of warming and soil carbon storage. The main mechanisms of soil respiration adaptation to temperature include soil microbial adaptation, substrate depletion and soil mineral activation.（2）The effect of precipitation on soil respiration depends on the initial soil water content. When soil water content is lower than the wilting factor, precipitation not only increases soil water content but also promotes soil respiration, reaching a maximum when soil water content is close to the field holding capacity, while soil respiration is inhibited when soil water content reaches saturation value. The main mechanisms by which water affects soil respiration are substitution and blocking effects, substrate supply, microbial stress and root response. （3）The coupling of soil respiration with soil temperature and moisture depends on the ratio of soil water and heat factors. When soil temperature becomes a stress factor, the stimulating effect of increasing soil water content induced by precipitation on soil respiration is suppressed by the negative effect of low temperature. When soil moisture becomes a stress factor, the promoting effect of increased soil temperature due to climate warming on soil respiration is counteracted by the negative impact of drought. The interaction between soil temperature and moisture should be fully considered when studying soil respiration. In order to understand the disturbance factors of soil carbon emissions in terrestrial ecosystems, this paper proposes that future research on the relationship between soil respiration and the environment under climate change. Firstly, strengthen the research on the effects of multi-factor interaction on soil respiration and quantify the soil respiration components. Secondly, continue to pay attention to the characteristics of soil respiration in response to initial soil temperature and temperature fluctuations, and to explore the effects of biodiversity or community structure composition on soil respiration.

Key words: Soil respiration, Temperature, Rainfall, Response characteristics