双季早晚稻不同发育阶段日数对温度变化的敏感性比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2018.03.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于1981-2010年长江中下游地区38个农业气象观测站双季早、晚稻发育期及同期逐日气象数据，结合水稻特性将发育期划分为出苗-移栽、移栽-返青、返青-孕穗、孕穗-成熟4个主要发育阶段，比较双季早、晚稻不同发育阶段日数对温度变化的相对敏感性，以探究不同作物、不同发育期对气候变化响应的差异。结果表明：水稻各发育阶段日数随温度升高基本呈减少趋势，但相对敏感性差异较大。早稻返青-孕穗期日数对温度变化最敏感，相对敏感性平均为−0.094个点·℃⁻¹（P<0.05），晚稻孕穗-成熟期日数对温度变化最不敏感，相对敏感性平均为−0.045个点·℃⁻¹（P<0.05）。相同发育阶段内，返青前晚稻对温度变化更敏感，返青后早稻更敏感。除移栽-返青期外，两种作物其它营养生长阶段敏感性均强于生殖生长。相对敏感性与阶段日数变异系数呈负相关关系，日数波动越大，阶段日数随温度升高而减少越明显，尤以早稻返青-孕穗期相关系数达−0.761（P<0.001）。

关键词: 气候变暖, 发育阶段日数, 相对敏感性, 水稻, 长江中下游地区

Abstract:

In order to explore responses of different crops’ different development stages to climate change, the relative sensitivities of growth duration to temperature of early and late rice in 38 agrometeorological observation stations during 1981-2010 in the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain were calculated. Both early and late rice’s growth stages were divided into four stages, i.e., emergence to transplanting(E-T), transplanting to reviving(T-R), reviving to booting(R-B) and booting to mature(B-M). Results showed that growth duration decreased with temperature increasing, but its relative sensitivity varied much between all the four stages. The R-B period of early rice was the most sensible to temperature with average relative sensitivity value of −0.094 point·℃⁻¹(P<0.05). The B-M period was less sensible than others, with average value of −0.045 point·℃⁻¹(P<0.05). For the same stage, duration of late rice was more sensible to temperature than early rice before reviving, but was less sensible after reviving. For the two crops, the vegetative growth was more sensible than reproductive growth except T-R period. Further analysis showed that the relative sensitivity was negatively correlated with variation coefficient of duration, indicating in such stations where growth duration varied substantially, the duration would decreased more sharply under warmer condition, especially in the R-B period of early rice, whose correlation coefficient was −0.761 (P<0.001).

Key words: Warming, Growth duration, Relative sensitivity to temperature, Rice, Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain

王治海，金志凤，邬定荣，毛智军，陈中赟. 双季早晚稻不同发育阶段日数对温度变化的敏感性比较[J]. 中国农业气象, 2018, 39(03): 185-194.

WANG Zhi-hai, JIN Zhi-feng, WU Ding-rong, MAO Zhi-jun, CHEN Zhong-yun. Comparison of Temperature Sensitivity During Different Development Stages for Double-season Early and Late Rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(03): 185-194.

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