种衣剂和起垄栽培对玉米生长和产量的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2018.08.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对北方地区春季玉米播种期干旱、出苗困难、苗情差等问题，筛选低聚糖、甲壳素、腐植酸盐等含量适宜的抗旱物质及多种助剂，制成玉米专用抗旱种衣剂，进行种子包衣，同时结合起垄栽培技术，进行大田实验，以探究其对玉米出苗率、生长状况和产量的影响。实验设4个处理：起垄+抗旱种衣剂（RD）、起垄（R）、抗旱种衣剂（D），以平地种植为对照（CK）。结果表明，施用抗旱种衣剂对玉米种子进行包衣处理，出苗期提早1～2d，生育期缩短1周左右。RD、R、D处理的玉米出苗率与CK相比，分别提高18.3%、7.2%、12.1%，产量与CK相比，分别增加17%、6%、3%，其中RD处理与CK间的差异显著（P＜0.05），说明抗旱种衣剂结合起垄栽培技术，对提高玉米出苗率、促进生长、提高产量有积极作用。

关键词: 抗旱种衣剂, 起垄技术, 玉米, 出苗率, 产量

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of drought in maize seeding season, difficulties in maize seedling emergence and poor seedling quality in northern China, authors developed a drought-resistant agent by selecting suitable drought-resistant substances such as oligosaccharides, chitin, humates and various kinds of additives to ensure seed vigor in the soil and seed emergence rate. By using drought-resistant agent and the ridge planting technique, the field experiment was conducted, consisting of 4 treatments: ridge planting and drought-resistant agent (RD), ridge planting (R), drought-resistant agent (D), and flat planting (CK). The results of the field experiment showed that the application of drought-resistant agent to maize seed could advance the emergence for 1 to 2 days and reduce the fertility period for about one week. Compared with the control, the emergence rate of RD, R, and D treatments increased by 18.3%, 7.2%, and 12.1%, respectively; and the yield increased by 17%, 6%, and 3%, respectively. The results indicated that the drought-resistant agent combined with ridging technique could promote seedling emergence rate, growth and yield of maize.

Key words: Drought-resistant agent, Ridge planting technique, Maize, Seeding emergence rate, Yield

李巧珍，丁军军，李玉中，徐春英，郭家选，毛丽丽，孙东宝. 种衣剂和起垄栽培对玉米生长和产量的影响[J]. 中国农业气象, 2018, 39(08): 512-517.

LI Qiao-zhen, DING Jun-jun, LI Yu-zhong, XU Chun-ying, GUO Jia-xuan, MAO Li-li, SUN Dong-bao. Effect of Drought-resistant Agent and Ridged Cultivation on Maize Growth and Yield[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(08): 512-517.

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