关键词: 酿酒葡萄, 越冬, 防寒措施, 覆盖

Abstract: Taking 5-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon varieties as research objects, the availability of protection measures was explored in winter vineyards in the eastern and western foothills of Helan Mountain. Two cover methods, “straw mulch with PVC film” and “PP black film with PVC film”, were set up in two vineyards of both foothills during the wine grape overwintering period from 2019 to 2020. The temperature increase effects of two cover measures were analyzed by monitoring the changes of soil temperature in the root zone and surface under different treatments, compared to a control treatment with traditional soil burial in winter. The results indicated that: (1) the temperature of the two foothills fluctuated after the beginning of winter, and there were several low valleys during the period. Under the cumulative influence of continuous low temperature, the surface soil temperature of the eastern and western foothills fluctuated greatly, showing a trend of decreasing at first and then increasing. Soil temperature in the underground root zone decreased steadily until January 15−24 and subsequently began to rise slowly. (2) During the test period, the soil temperature in the western side was lower than that in the eastern side, and the difference of surface temperature between the two sides was large. The mean surface soil temperatures of “straw mulch with PVC film (T1)”and “PP black film with PVC film (T2)” treatments were −2.07℃ and −1.96℃ in the eastern foothills, and −4.01℃ and −3.65℃ in the western foothills, respectively. The mean soil temperature in the root zone was 0.85℃ in the east and 0.74℃ in the west under T1 treatment, 0.89℃ in the east and 0.37℃ in the west under T2 treatment. (3)Compared to two coverage measures, the surface soil temperature was not significantly increased, while the root soil temperature was increased in different degrees. In the east side of the mountain, the temperatures of “straw mulch with PVC film (T1)”and “PP black film with PVC film (T2)”treatments were 0.68℃ and 0.71℃ higher than that of the control, respectively, and the difference was not obvious. In the west side, the temperature of T1 treatment was 0.81℃ higher than that of the control and significantly higher than increase range of T2 treatment (0.44℃). Therefore, “straw mulch with PVC film” was recommended measure for wine grape to against freeze during winter in both sides of Helan Mountain.

Key words: Wine grape, Overwintering, Cold prevention measures, Covering material