Characteristics of Low Temperature in Spring and its Effect on Crops Seeding Dates in 2013 in Heilongjiang Province

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.02.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the spring meteorological observation data from 28 agro-meteorological stations in very cold region, Heilongjiang province during 1971 to 2016, by introducing the daily average air temperature, minimum air temperature and maximum air temperature and using mathematical statistics method, characteristics of typical low temperature of three spring temperature factors was investigated in 2013, and the correlation between temperature and seeding dates of soybean, maize and rice was analyzed. The results showed that the spring temperature in 2013 was generally lower than the temperature in the same period of each year during 1971 to 2016 in the research area, the years which ΔT was below 0℃ were dense after the early 1990s, and its number of years of the maximum air temperature was most, but the number of years of the minimum air temperature is least. At the same time, ΔT of the three temperature factors all showed a declining trend. ΔTof the minimum air temperature declined significantly, and it changed dramatically, however change trend of ΔT of the maximum air temperature was not significant, and this indicated that ΔT of minimum air temperature and maximum air temperature reduced non-symmetrically. The daily spring temperature in 2013 was generally lower than the perennial temperature in the research area, duration of the low temperature was long and days of ΔTD＜0℃ exceeded 50% of the total spring days. The maximum continuous days of the low temperature accounted for more than 20% of the total spring days, and the days of the daily maximum temperature is most, 61% of the stations reached 35 days or more, and the low temperature lasted for more than one month. Compared with the historical seeding dates in each year, the seeding dates of soybean, maize and rice in 2013 were mainly delayed. Correlation between ΔTof the spring temperature and ΔD of crops seeding dates was significant in 53% stations, which showed that the spring temperature reduced and the seeding dates would be late. ΔTof each temperature factor decreased 1℃, and ΔDof seeding dates increased about 0.9?6.3 days. In particular, the impact of minimum air temperature was most significant. The combination of waterlogging and low temperature was more likely to cause late sowing of crops.

Key words: Heilongjiang province, Spring low temperature, Crop, Seeding date

JIANG Li-xia, WANG Ping, WANG Dong-dong, LIAN Ping, WU Shuang, ZHANG Xue-mei,YAN Ping, LI Xiu-fen. Characteristics of Low Temperature in Spring and its Effect on Crops Seeding Dates in 2013 in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(02): 114-125.

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