Abstract:

During the winter of 2024/2025 (December 2024–February 2025), China’s national average temperature was −3.3°C, 0.3°C above the long-term average (1991–2020, hereinafter referred to as perennial). Spatially averaged total precipitation was 23.7mm across the nation, 39.4% less than the perennial , while average sunshine duration reached 519h, 6.1% more than the perennial. In most agricultural regions, favorable light and heat conditions prevailed during the winter, and suitable soil moisture supported the safe overwintering of winter wheat in northern China and the vigorous growth of rapeseed and other crops in southern China. However, persistent snow cover in parts of northern China had posed challenges for livestock farming and conservation protected agriculture. In additionally, the late−season snowmelt and freeze−thaw cycle disrupted grain storage and transportation in northeast China. In east−central of south China, a prolonged precipitation deficits had led to mild to moderate drought, negatively affecting field crops and economic fruit trees. In the latter part of winter, periodic cold and rainy weather in eastern of southwest China, southern Yangtze, and western of south China hampered the steady growth of rapeseed and open−field vegetables.

Key words: Agrometeorological conditions, Agricultural Production, Meteorological disasters, Impact assessment