Analysis on the Effects of Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emission of Nitrogen Fertilizer in an Eggplant Field on North China Plain

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.12.002

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilization on vegetable yield, nitrogen recovery rate and the ammonia volatilization as well as the N2O emissions during the whole eggplant growth season (between June to November), six treatments were set in a typical open-ground eggplant field on the North plain. Six treatments included no fertilization (CK), conventional nitrogen rate (N1), nitrogen rate reduction by 20%(N2), nitrogen rate reduction by 50% (N3), nitrogen rate reduction by 20% combined with inhibitor coated urea (N2I), and nitrogen rate reduction by 20% with amendment of biochar (N2B). The results showed that, (i) compared with conventional N rate (N1), reduction of N by 20% (N2) did not have significant impact on the eggplant yield; while N rate reduction by 50% (N3) resulted in the obvious decrease of vegetable crop. Application of inhibitor coated urea or biochar can improve the N recovery efficiency to some extent, respectively. (ii) Both ammonia volatilization and N2O emissions were closely related to the fertilization with the emissions higher than no fertilizer treatment significantly. Both the ammonia volatilization and N2O emissions of each fertilization treatment were occurred after fertilization events, with the emission factors of 9.6%?14.8% for ammonia and 0.9%?1.1% for N2O.(iii) Compared with the conventional N rate treatment (N1), the cumulative ammonia volatilization emissions of N2, N3, N2I and N2B decreased by 20.3%, 48.6%, 41.7% and 30.7%, respectively. Under the premise of not affecting the yield, N rate reduction by 20% combined with inhibitors coated urea (N2I) showed the lowest environmental risks for gas emissions. (iv) Compared with conventional N rate treatment (N1), the cumulative N2O emission of N2, N3, N2I and N2B showed decrease by 21.5%, 41.7%, 44.2% and 31.6%, respectively. The cumulative N2O emission of N2I treatment was much lower than with conventional N rate (N1), and it was almost equivalent to that emitted from the treatment which showed N reduction by 50% (N3). Therefore, reducing N application rate by 20% or more and combined with inhibitor coated urea is the appropriate N management practice to ensure the vegetable yield, improve the N efficiency, and reduce ammonia volatilization and N2O emissions in eggplant fields on North Chinese Plain.

Key words: Vegetable field, Nitrogen use efficiency, Ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, Nitrification inhibitor, Urease inhibitor, Biochar

ZHENG Yi-min，GUO Li-ping，YANG Rong-quan，CAO Fei，NIU Xiao-guang，DIAO Tian-tian，YUN An-ping，XIE Li-yong. Analysis on the Effects of Increasing Efficiency and Reducing Emission of Nitrogen Fertilizer in an Eggplant Field on North China Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2019, 40(12): 747-757.

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