中国农业气象 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (03): 245-253.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2015.03.001

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北省主要极端气候指数的时空变化特征

曹祥会,龙怀玉,张继宗,雷秋良,武淑霞,刘宏斌   

  1. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-23 出版日期:2015-06-20 发布日期:2015-10-20
  • 作者简介:曹祥会(1990-),安徽六安人,硕士,主要从事数字土壤研究。Email:820646658@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    科技部基础性工作专项重点项目“我国土系调查与《中国土系志》编制”(2008FY110600);973课题(2012CB955904)

Temporal and Spatial Variation Analysis of the Main Extreme Climate Index inHebei Province

CAO Xiang hui,LONG Huai yu,ZHANG Ji zong,LEI Qiu liang,WU Shu xia,LIU Hong bing   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of NonpointPollution Control,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing100081,China
  • Received:2014-09-23 Online:2015-06-20 Published:2015-10-20

摘要: 根据河北省142个气象站点1961-2010年逐日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温和降水量等基础资料,采用线性倾向估计法及Kriging插值法,研究河北省极端气温事件的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)在极端气温指数的空间分布方面,极端最高气温和夏日均呈从南至北逐渐降低的趋势,高值中心分别位于邯郸、邢台、石家庄、衡水和邯郸、邢台、石家庄、衡水、廊坊、沧州等地,而霜日则呈北高南低的空间变化规律,高值中心主要位于张家口北部地区,极端最低气温、暖日指数及持续冷期无明显的空间分布规律;从变化趋势的空间分布特征来看,全省夏日、暖日指数、极端最低气温及大部分地区的极端最高气温呈增加趋势,全省霜日则呈下降趋势,持续冷期的变化不显著。(2)极端降水指数无明显的空间分布规律。日最大降水量、强降水量、暴雨日数、连续干日及连续湿日均呈零星分布,降水强度从东南至西北大体呈降低趋势;从变化趋势的空间分布特征来看,在1961-2010年河北大部分地区的日最大降水量、强降水量、降水强度、连续湿日及暴雨日数均呈下降趋势,而连续干日呈增加趋势。从极端气温及降水指数的变化趋势可以看出,河北省具有干暖化倾向,农业生产上应采取相应的适应对策。

关键词: 气候变化, 极端气温, 极端降水, 空间分布, 变化趋势

Abstract: Based on the data of daily maximum temperature,daily minimum temperature,daily mean temperature and daily precipitation of 142 stations in Hebei province from 1961 to 2010,the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme temperature and precipitation events was analyzed by using regression analysis and Kriging.The results showed:(1)from the perspective of spatial distribution of extreme temperature index,the extreme maximum temperature and summer days index showed a decreasing trend from south to north gradually and the high value centers were located in Handan,Xingtai,Shijiazhuang,Hengshui and Handan,Xingtai,Shijiazhuang,Hengshui,Langfang,Cangzhou.However,frost days in northern area were higher than that of south and the high value center was mainly located in the north of Zhangjiakou.Extreme minimum temperature,warm days and continued cold period did not show obviously spatial distribution pattern.From the perspective of variation trend,summer days,warm days,extreme minimum temperature and extreme maximum temperature of most regions showed an increasing variation trend.Frost days showed a decreasing variation trend and the variation trend of continued cold period was not obvious.(2)From the perspective of the spatial distribution of extreme precipitation index,the 6 extreme precipitation indices did not show obvious distribution pattern.The daily maximum precipitation,strong precipitation,rainstorm days,continuous dry days and continuous humid days showed sporadic distribution.Precipitation intensity generally showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest.From the variation trend,the daily maximum precipitation,strong rainfall,rainfall intensity,continuous a wet day and rainstorm days of most regions decreased and continuous dry day showed an increasing trend in 1961-2010.From the changing trend of extreme temperature and precipitation index,Hebei province tended to be warm and dry.Therefore,agricultural production should take the corresponding countermeasure to adapt to the changing climate.

Key words: Climate change, Extreme temperature, Extreme precipitation, Spatial distribution, Variation trend