中国农业气象 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 338-345.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

黔东南地区近49年的气候变化特征

杨再禹,龙先菊   

  • 出版日期:2011-08-20 发布日期:2011-11-03
  • 作者简介:杨再禹(1977-),侗族,贵州三穗人,本科,工程师,主要从事应用气象服务工作。
  • 基金资助:

    贵州省气象局青年基金项目

Analysis on Characteristics of Climate Change in Last 49 Years in Southeastern Guizhou

YANG Zai Yu,LONG Xian ju   

  • Online:2011-08-20 Published:2011-11-03

摘要: 利用黔东南地区16个气象观测站1961-2009年的逐日气象观测资料,采用常规统计方法和墨西哥帽小波变换方法,分析了黔东南地区近49a气温、降水、相对湿度和日照的地理分布及气候特征、年际变化趋势等。结果表明:黔东南地区近49a来年平均气温、平均最高气温的变化趋势不显著,而平均最低气温呈显著的上升趋势,其上升速率为0.146℃·10a-1;且具有3a、17a和36a的振荡周期特征,同时年平均气温具有从东南向西北递减、东部的等值线呈经向分布的特征。年平均降水量的线性变化趋势不显著但暴雨日数有显著增加趋势;年降水量具有3a和18a的准周期变化特征,同时呈由东向南、由西向北递减的趋势。年平均相对湿度的线性变化趋势也不显著,但具有3a、8a和11a的振荡周期变化特征。年平均日照时数呈显著的下降趋势,其下降速率为25.835h·10a-1,且具有4a、10a和20a的振荡周期变化特征。黔东南地区近49a来总体上气候向暧干方向发展,同时还具有气温偏高时,降水量就偏少;气温偏低时,降水量就偏多的气候特征。

关键词:

Abstract: The climate characteristics including temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and sunshine hours was analyzed by using conventional statistical methods and Mexican hat wavelet transform, based on the daily meteorological data of 16 meteorological stations in southeastern Guizhou from 1961 to 2009,The results showed that the annual average minimum temperature increased at the rate of 0 146℃ per 10 years,while the average temperature and average maximum temperature had no significant change trend. The annual average temperature decreased gradually from southeast to northwest, and its oscillation period was 3 years, 17 years and 36 years. The annual average precipitation had no significant change trend but the days with rainstorm had a increasing trend. The annual precipitation decreased gradually from east to south and from west to north. Its oscillation period was 3 years and 18 years.〖JP+2〗 The annual average relative humidity had no significant change trend but its oscillation period was 3 years, 8 years and 11 years. The average sunshine hours decreased at the rate of 25 835 hours per 10 years, and its oscillation period was 4 years, 10 years and 20 years. Totally, climate changed warmer and drier in last 49 years in southeastern Guizhou

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