喷施不同化学制剂对水稻叶片抗高温胁迫的效果分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2018.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以杂交早籼稻陵两优268为研究对象，采用盆栽实验，在水稻拔节期连续3d对叶片喷施4种不同浓度的抗高温化学制剂，分别为1.5mmol·L-1和2.5mmol·L-1的次硅酸钠（Na2SiO3·9H2O溶液），0.5mmol·L-1和1.5mmol·L-1水杨酸（SA）溶液，10.0mmol·L-1和20.0mmol·L-1的氯化钙溶液（CaCl2·5H2O）溶液和22.04mmol·L-1和36.74mmol·L-1的磷酸二氢钾（KH2PO4）溶液，以叶面喷施蒸馏水为对照（CK）。利用人工气候箱进行5d高温处理（6：00-18：00，40±0.5℃；18：00-次日6：00，30±0.5℃，日平均气温为35℃），在高温处理72h、120h和高温处理结束后自然条件下室外恢复120h，分别测定水稻叶片叶绿素含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性、MDA和可溶性蛋白质含量，研究不同化学制剂对水稻高温胁迫的缓解作用。结果表明：高温胁迫条件下，与CK相比，喷施4种化学制剂皆可显著提高水稻叶片叶绿素含量，提高SOD、POD、CAT活性和可溶性蛋白质含量，减少MDA含量；其中以喷施20.0mmol·L-1CaCl2·5H2O溶液和22.04mmol·L-1KH2PO4溶液作用效果最显著，喷施KH2PO4溶液在整个高温处理过程及高温结束后恢复120h、喷施CaCl2·5H2O溶液在高温处理120h和高温结束后恢复120h水稻叶片的抗衰老能力最强。

关键词: 高温胁迫, 化学制剂, 水稻, 叶片衰老特性

Abstract: In this research, early indica hybrid rice Lingliangyou 268 was used for pot experiment. The rice leaves was sprayed with four different concentrations chemical agents, which were 1.5mmol·L-1 and 2.5mmol·L-1 sodium silicate (Na2SiO3·9H2O) solution, 0.5mmol·L-1 and 1.5mmol·L-1 salicylic acid (SA) solution, 10.0mmol·L-1 and 20.0mmol·L-1 calcium chloride(CaCl2·5H2O) solution, 22.04mmol·L-1 and 36.74mmol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) solution respectively, at the jointing stage for 3 days. Five days high temperature stress was conducted in artificial climate box. The daily average temperature of artificial climate box was regulated at 35℃ by setting 40±0.5℃ from 6：00 to 18：00 o’clock, and 30±0.5℃ from 18：00 to 6：00 o’clock of next day. The leaf chlorophyll content, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, MDA and soluble protein content in rice leaves were measured three times, which were 72h and 120h during high temperature treatment and 120h after high temperature treatment finished respectively, to research the alleviative effect of four kinds of chemical agents on high temperature stress in rice. The results showed that the four kinds of chemical agents significantly increased chlorophyll content, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity and soluble protein content in rice leaves under high temperature stress with MDA content reducing compared with CK (spraying distilled water). The 20.0mmol·L-1 CaCl2·5H2O and 22.04mmol·L-1 KH2PO4 solutions had the most significant effect. The leaf had the strongest ability to delay senescence under KH2PO4 solution treatment and CaCl2·5H2O solution at 120h of the high temperature treatment and 120h after the high temperature treatment finished.

Key words: High temperature stress, Chemical agent, Rice, Senescence characteristics

江晓东，姜琳琳，华梦飞，陈惠玲，吕润，胡凝，杨晓亚. 喷施不同化学制剂对水稻叶片抗高温胁迫的效果分析[J]. 中国农业气象, 2018, 39(02): 92-99.

JIANG Xiao-dong, JIANG Lin-lin, HUA Meng-fei, CHEN Hui-ling, LV Run, HU Ning, YANG Xiao-ya. Analysis the Effect of Different Chemical Agents on High Temperature Stress in Rice Leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2018, 39(02): 92-99.

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