关键词: 高温, 低温, 干旱, 洪涝, 复合农业气象灾害

Abstract:

Under the background of frequent and enhanced extreme weather events caused by global climate change, the risk of agro−meteorological disasters faced by rice production in China is becoming more serious, posing a potential threat to national food security. In order to systematically reveal the impact of extreme weather on rice production, based on the climatic environment and planting characteristics of the three major rice−producing areas in northeast China, the Yangtze River basin and the southeast coast of China, this study comprehensively analyzed the impact of single agrometeorological disaster and compound agricultural disaster on rice yield. The results showed that the main single meteorological disasters affecting rice production were extreme high temperature and low temperature, followed by drought and floods. The stress response of these disasters to rice significantly affected its growth and development processes, with dry matter accumulation and distribution due to differences in growth stages. Compound agricultural disasters such as high temperature and drought, low temperature and low light were more severe, complex and unpredictable than single disasters, causing more severe damage to rice yield. In production practice and scientific research, related research still faced problems such as imperfect long−term monitoring systems of the disaster chain, limited applicability of meteorological indicators, and insufficient analysis of multi−factor interactions and improved accuracy of crop model simulations. In the future, it is necessary to further deepen the integration of multi−source data, construct a composite disaster risk assessment model, and carry out research on disaster−causing mechanisms, refined index revision, multi−factor interaction analysis, crop model accuracy improvement and adaptive regulation technology, so as to provide theoretical basis and decision support for ensuring the climate resilience and sustainable development of China's rice industry.

Key words: High temperature, Low temperature, Drought, Flooding, Compound agro?meteorological disasters