Response of Soil Temperature to Air Temperature Change in Tibet Plateau

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2015.02.002

Abstract

Abstract: Based on the observed data of monthly soil temperature in different depth and air temperature from 8 representative meteorological stations in Tibet Plateau from 1971 to 2013， by using the linear trend analysis method and Mann-Kendall method， the changing tendency of annual and seasonal soil temperatures and air temperature， the difference of soil and air temperature （Ts-Ta）， and the abrupt change relationship between soil temperatures and air temperature were analyzed， the trend of soil temperatures in the future was predicated. The results showed that annual shallow soil temperature （SST） increased significantly （P＜0.05）， in which those in western and central of Tibet Plateau were more significant than that of in eastern， seasonal soil temperature increased significantly， and that in winter and spring were more significant than that of in summer and autumn. Deep soil temperature（DST） increased significantly except for in Qamdo （P＜0.05）， even much more than shallow soil temperature in Senggecangbu， Xigaze and Lhasa. The annual difference of SST and air temperature was bigger than DST in Senggecangbu， and similar to that of in Xigaze and Lhasa before 1990s， but it was equaled to that of DST after 1990s. The situation in Qamdo was that SST lower than that of DST before 1980s， and higher than DST after 1980s. There was extremely significant positive correlation between average annual soil temperature in different depth and average annual air temperature， and there was significant positive correlation among soil temperature in different depth （P＜0.01）. It was predicted that soil temperatures increased significantly in the future， and increasing range of soil temperature was higher than that of air temperature. It was projected that the soil temperatures in Qamdo， Lhasa and Bome could be approached that of in Baxoi， Tsedang and Zayu by the end of the twenty-first century， respectivel， which means all of the sites could be moved one latitude toward south．

Key words: Difference of soil and air temperature, Interannual and interdecadal variation, Abrupt climate change, Prediction of soil temperature change

ZHOU Kanshe， LUO Suxuan， DU Jun， JIAN Jun， SHI Lei. Response of Soil Temperature to Air Temperature Change in Tibet Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology, 2015, 36(02): 129-138.

References

[1]李崇银.气候动力学引论[M].北京：气象出版社，1995：290-296.
   Li C Y.Introduction to climate dynamics[M].Beijing：China Meteorology Press，1995：290-296.(in Chinese)
[2]《气候变化国家评估报告》编写委员会.气候变化国家评估报告[M].北京：科学出版社，2007：19-28.
   Compilation committee of national assessment report on climate change.National assessment report on climate change[M].Beijing：Science Press，2007：19-28.(in Chinese)
[3]任国玉，郭军，徐铭志，等.近50年中国地面气候变化基本特征[J].气象学报，2005， 63(6)：942-956.
   Ren G Y，Guo J，Xu M Z，et al.Climate changes of China's mainland over the past half century[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica，2005，63(6)：942-956.(in Chinese)
[4]杜军.西藏高原近40年的气温变化[J].地理学报，2001，56(6)：682-690.
Du J.Change of temperature in tibetan plateau from 1961 to 2000[J].Acta Geographica Sinica，2001，56(6)：682-690.(in Chinese)
[5]杜军，李春，廖健，等.拉萨近45年浅层地温的变化特征[J].干旱区地理，2007，30(6)：826-831.
   Du J ，Li C ，Liao J，et al.Soil temperature change at shallow layer in Lhasa from 1961 to 2005[J].Arid Land Geography，2007，30(6)：826-831.(in Chinese)
[6]汪宝龙，张明军，魏军林，等.1960-2009年青海省极端气温事件的变化特征[J].中国农业气象，2012，33(1)：41-47.
Wang B L，Zhang M J，Wei J L，et al.Characteristics of extreme temperature in Qinghai Province during 1960-2009[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology，2012，33( 1)：41-47.(in Chinese)
[7]胡军，杜军，边多，等.西藏地温的年际和年代际变化[J].地理学报，2007，62(9)：925-934.
Hu J，Du J，Bian D，et al.Interannual and interdecadal variations of soil temperature over Tibetan Plateau from 1971 to 2005[J].Acta Geographica Sinica，2007，62(9)：925-934.(in Chinese)
[8]姚檀栋，刘晓东，王宁练.青藏高原地区的气候变化幅度问题[J].科学通报，2000，45(1)：98-106.
   Yao T D，Liu X D，Wang N L.Amplitude of climitic change in Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin，2000，45(1)：98-106.(in Chinese)
[9]韦志刚，黄荣辉，董文杰.青藏高原气温和降水的年际和年代际变化[J].大气科学，2003，27(2)：157-170.
   Wei Z G，Huang R H，Dong W J.Interannual and interdecadal variations of air temperature and precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences，2003，27(2)：157-170.(in Chinese)
[10]蔡英，李栋梁，汤懋苍，等.青藏高原近50年来气温的年代际变化[J].高原气象，2003，22(5)：464-470.
    Cai Y，Li D L，Tang M C，et al.Decadal temperature changes over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in recent 50 years[J].Plateau Meteorology，2003，22(5)：464-470.(in Chinese)
[11]吴绍洪，尹云鹤，郑度，等.青藏高原近30年气候变化趋势[J].地理学报，2005，60(1)：3-11.
    Wu S H，Yin Y H，Zheng D，et al. Climate changes in the Tibetan Plateau during the last three decades[J].Acta Geographica Sinica，2005，60(1)：3-11.(in Chinese)
[12]顾欣，张艳梅，黄大卫.近50年来黔东南地区浅层地气温差的时空特征分析[J].中国农业气象，2012，33(1)：71-77.
Gu X，Zhang Y M，Huang D W.Temporal and spatial characteristics of soil-air temperature difference(Ts-Ta)in southeast Guizhou last 50 years[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology，2012，33(1)：71-77.(in Chinese)
[13]张焕平，张占峰，汪青春，等.近40年青海浅层地温的变化特征[J].中国农业气象，2013，34(2)：146-152.
Zhang H P，Zhang Z F，Wang Q C，et al. Variation characteristics of shallow soil temperature in Qinghai Province in last 40 years[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology，2013，34(2)：146-152.(in Chinese)
[14]韩国军，王玉兰，房世波.近50年青藏高原气候变化及其对农牧业的影响[J].资源科学，2011，33(10)：1969-1975.
   Han G J，Wang Y L，Fang S B.Climate change over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its impacts on local agriculture and animal husbandry in the last 50 years[J].Resources Science，2011，33(10)：1969-1975.(in Chinese)
[15]杜军，胡军，索朗欧珠.西藏高原农业界限温度的变化特征[J].地理学报，2005，60(2)：289-298.
    Du J，Hu J，Sonam N.Climatic change of agriculture critical temperature over Tibetan Plateau from 1971 to 2000[J].Acta Geographica Sinica，2005，60(2)：289-298.(in Chinese)
[16]杜军，胡军，周保琴，等.西藏一江两河流域作物气候生产力对气候变化的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究，2008，26(1)：141-145.
   Du J，Hu J，Zhou B Q，et al.Responses of climate-productivity to climatic change in central Tibet from 1961 to 2005[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas，2008，26(1)：141-145.(in Chinese)
[17]唐小萍，丹增顿珠，格桑，等.近46年西藏农区作物生长季气候变化特征及突变分析[J].干旱地区农业究，2008，26(5)：249-254.
    Tang X P，Dan Z D Z，Ge S，et al.The character of climate change and abruption analysis of crop growth season in Tibet in recent 46 years[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas，2008，26(5)：249-254.(in Chinese)
[18]西藏自治区土地管理局.西藏自治区土地利用[M].北京：科学出版社，1992：165-198.
Land Management Bureau of Tibet.Land use in Tibet[M].Beijing：Science Press，1992：165-198.(in Chinese)
[19]魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京：气象出版社，1999：63-66.
    Wei F Y.Modern climatic statistical diagnosis and prediction technology[M]. Beijing：China Meteorological Press，1999：63-66.(in Chinese)
[20]宋善允，王鹏祥.西藏气候[M].北京：气象出版社，2013：169-174.
Song S Y，Wang P X. Tibet climate[M]. Beijing：China Meteorological Press，1999：169-174.(in Chinese)