Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

Temperature Simulation Assessment by High resolution Regional Climate Model （CCLM）in Poyang Lake Basin

MENG Yu jing1，2，JIANG Tong2，SU Bu da2，ZHANG Jie1，2

2013, 34(02): 123-129. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.001

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Daily temperature in Poyang Lake basin was simulated by using high-resolution regional climate model（CCLM），observed daily temperature of the baseline period（1961-2000）was compared with simulated data during same period，and the projection data from 2011 to 2050 was analyzed.The results showed that CCLM simulated the temporal-spatial distribution of T Mean，T Max and T Min at the levels of annual，monthly and daily.In general，simulation data was larger than the observation data，and deviation was relative low in the northeastern and southern of the basin and high in north and central region.But CCLM model simulated the low temperature region in northeast and northwest of Poyang Lake basin T Mean，T Max and T Min will be showed rising tendency in coming 40 years in Poyang Lake basin under A1B scenario Max increasing annual temperature will be found in 2040s.The max increasing T Mean and T Max found in January and T Min in August with monthly level，and max increasing annual T Max found in the east region and annual T Min in the northwest region with daily scale respectively.The results could provide a reference to climate change impact assessment and quantitative adaptation measures in Poyang Lake basin.

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Sunshine Duration and its Influence Factors in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2010

ZHANG Li bo1, XIAO Wei 2

2013, 34(02): 130-137. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.002

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The temporal and spatial variation of annual,seasonal,and monthly sunshine duration in Xingjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and its cause was analyzed by using the methods of climate trend rate, abrupt detection and correlation analysis, based on the sunshine duration, radiation, rainfall, cloudiness, vapor pressure and wind speed data from 42 meteorological stations in Xingjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 1961 to 2010. The results showed that the spatial distribution of annual, seasonal and monthly sunshine duration reduced from east to west in Xingjiang. The top value occurred in summer, and followed by spring, autumn, and winter. The annual and seasonal solar radiation in Xingjiang declined in last 50 years, especially in winter. The regional average annual sunshine duration declined at the rate of 23.4d/10y. The annual sunshine duration was extremely deficient in 1992 and 1993, and extremely excessive in 1967. Meanwhile nearly half of the stations in Xingjiang had obviously abrupt in the middle of the 1980s. The sunshine duration increased slightly in spring, but obviously declined in summer, autumn, and winter at the rate of 4.5-13.3h/10y, especially in winter. Sunshine duration showed obviously spatial variation from long term perspective. The annual and seasonal sunshine duration declined in north of 38°N（P＜0.05），and obviously increased in south of 38°N(P＜0.05).The sunshine duration reducing might be associated to humidity increasing and wind speed reducing in north of 38°N in Xinjiang.

Sunshine Duration Variation and its Influence Factors in Shandong Province

DONG Xu guang,QIU Can,LIU Huan bin,MENG Xiang xin,WANG Dong cheng,WANG Jing,CAO Jie

2013, 34(02): 138-145. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.003

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The variation of annual and seasonal sunshine duration was analyzed by using of t test method,based on monthly sunshine duration of 123 meteorological stations in Shandong province from 1970 to 2009.The spatial variation of meteorological factors,which affected sunshine duration,including cloud amount,low cloud amount,vapor pressure and precipitation,was analyzed.The results showed that mutation point of annual sunshine duration was in 1983 and 1997. The annual sunshine duration decreased from north to south in Shandong province.The total annual sunshine duration decreased significantly during last 40 years with a rate of 91.3h/10y (P＜0.01),particularly in southwest,west,northern coast and mountains of middle Shandong province.The decreasing trend of sunshine duration was obvious in summer and not obvious in spring,but the maximum total amount was in May.The reason of sunshine duration decreasing mainly because of vapor pressure increasing during 1970 to 2009,but the affect of cloud amount increasing was more after 1997.The results could provide references to sustainable development to adapt to climate change.

Variation Characteristics of Shallow Soil Temperature in Qinghai Province in Last 40 Years

ZHANG Huan ping 1，ZHANG Zhan feng 2，WANG Qing chun 3，JIN Hui ying 4

2013, 34(02): 146-152. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.004

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The annual and seasonal climate change tendency and climate abrupt change of average soil temperature in latest 40 years were analyzed，by using climate statistical diagnosis analysis method，based on the monthly average soil temperature data of 5-20cm from 25 observation stations in Qinghai province from 1971 to 2010 The results showed that the annual average soil temperature of 5-20cm increased in last 40 years，the max increasing found in Dachaidan region at the rate of 0.79℃/10y（P＜0.01）The annual average soil temperature in levels of 5cm，10cm，15cm，20cm also showed rising trend，which ranged from 0.77℃/10y to 0.82℃/10y（P＜0.01）The max increasing also found in Dachaidan，and the trend was obviously from 1981 in 10cm soil level The average seasonal shallow soil temperature in last 40 years increased at the rate of 0.30-0.53℃/10y（P＜0.05），the max increasing found in summer and the min increasing found in winter Climate abrupt change occurred in 1997 for most stations，and there was a clear positive correlation between shallow soil temperature，surface temperature and air temperature The air temperature and surface temperature rising might resulted in the shallow soil temperature increasing The results could provide references to optimal utilize climate resources and to adjust agricultural structure

Accumulated Photo thermal Effectiveness of Different Colored Plastic Film and the Effect on Yield and Exterior Quality of Sweet Pepper

PENG Xiao dan1，YANG Zai qiang1，2，SU Tian xing1，ZHAO Xiang1，ZHU Kai1，ZHANG Ting hua1

2013, 34(02): 153-161. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.005

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Based on the experiments covered by six different colored polythene film which included red，green，yellow，purple，blue and transparent film as a control，authors investigated the effect of accumulated photo-thermal effectiveness of different colored plastic film on leaf area index，yields and fruit exterior quality of greenhouse sweet pepper（Capsium annuum Lcv SJ-13 and CX-9）in Nanjing area of Jiangsu province in 2009.The results showed that accumulated photo-thermal effectiveness under red film treatment was the highest for the two cultivars，which reached 118.9 and 112.5 after planting 120 days.The leaf area index of sweet pepper under red film treatment was the highest，while leaf area index under blue film treatment was the lowest.The yields of sweet pepper under red film treatment attained the maximum，while sweet pepper treated by purple film was the lowest;they were 9.8% and 13.4% higher than the control under red film treatment，37.2 % and 40.5 % lower than the control under purple film treatment respectively for the two cultivars.The shoulder diameter，length，single weight of fruit and per carp thickness was the highest under red film treatment Harvest index，dry mass of fruit per unit area of the two cultivars and intercepted accumulated photo thermal effectiveness were in a linear relationship.The last harvest index of SJ-13 under purple film treatment was the highest，while the last harvest index of CX-9 under red film treatment was higher than other treatments.The study demonstrated that red film treatment were favorable for sweet pepper fruit dry matter accumulation，promoting formation of fruit yields and improvement of exterior quality，while the purple and blue film had the significant inhibitory effect.

Sensitivity Analysis of Reference Crop Evapotranspiration to Key Meteorological Factors during Growing Season in Loess Plateau

ZHANG Tiao feng1,ZHANG Bo1,LIANG Yun2,HAN Lan ying2,LIU Xiu li1,3,WANG Dong1

2013, 34(02): 162-169. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.006

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In order to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) to climate factors change,growing seasonal ET0 of 68 meteorological stations in the Loess Plateau from 1961 to 2010 was estimated by using of FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation.Sensitivity coefficients of ET0 to average temperature,shortwave radiation,wind speed,and vapor pressure were calculated and their temporal-spatial distributions were analyzed.The results showed that vapor pressure was the most sensitive factor to ET0 in the region,followed by shortwave radiation and average temperature and wind speed.During growing season,the highest sensitive coefficient to average temperature was in July,while the absolute sensitive coefficient to vapor pressure was in September,the sensitive coefficient to shortwave radiation increased from April to October,the highest sensitive coefficient to wind speed was in April.The sensitive coefficients to all climate factors indicated large spatial variability.The sensitive coefficient to average temperature was higher in the eastern than in the western. The peak value of sensitive coefficient to shortwave radiation was in high elevation area,the peak value of sensitive coefficient to wind speed was in the western,while the peak value of sensitive coefficient to vapor pressure was in the relatively moist region.

Forecast Model of the Highest and Lowest Temperature in the Sunlight Greenhouse in Suzhou

LI De，ZHANG Xue Xian，QI Huan，ZHANG Bing zhen

2013, 34(02): 170-178. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.007

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Based on temperature data monitored inside the greenhouse and the corresponding surface meteorological observation data, authors established a forecasting model for the highest and lowest temperature in the sunlight greenhouse in autumn, as well as in the sunny and overcast sky separately in winter and spring, by means of stepwise regression method. The models were also tested in the application. The results showed that the absolute error (ABSE) of the highest and lowest temperatures between the simulated values and the actual values were separately 1.1 and 0.2℃ in autumn,0.8 and 0.4℃in the sunny day in winter,1.5 and 0.3℃ in the overcast sky in winter,0.3 and 0.4℃ in the sunny day in spring,1.1 and 0.2℃ in the overcast sky in spring. The root mean square error(RMSE) were separately 1.3 and 0.2℃ in autumn,1.0 and 0.5℃ in the sunny day in winter,1.7 and 0.3℃ in the overcast sky in winter,0.3 and 1.3℃ in the sunny day in spring,0.4 and 0.5℃ in the overcast sky in spring. The ABSE of the highest and lowest temperatures between the simulated values and the actual values in autumn were separately 0.8-1.1℃ and 0.3-0.4℃ and the root mean square error were 0.9-1.2℃ and 0.3-0.5℃ in the examination. This forecast model which can be used to predict the highest and lowest temperatures in future 24 hours inside the sunlight greenhouse, can provide effective decision support for timely ventilation in greenhouse to prevent high temperature as well as for heat insulation measures to prevent cold harm.

Variation of Diurnal Temperature Range and its Relationship with Crop Yield in Heilongjiang Province

JIANG Li xia,LV Jia jia,WANG Liang liang,YANG Xiao qiang,LI Shuai

2013, 34(02): 179-185. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.008

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Based on the meteorological observation data from 14 agro meteorological stations from 1971 to 2010,the temporal and spatial distribution of diurnal temperature range (DTR) in main grain production areas of Heilongjiang province,and the relationship between DTR and maize,rice yield were analyzed.The results showed that DTR decreased from 1971 to 2010,and the max decrease found in spring,followed by farming period and summer,the min decrease found in autumn.The spatial variation of DTR no obvious along the latitude or longitude in whole province,but DTR in mountain areas was higher than that in plain areas.The DTR dropped quickly in west and slowly in east,so it decreased quickly in Songnen plain and Mudanjiang region,but slowly in Sanjiang plain.Besides,the variation of DTR had local differences in farming seasons.Correlation between DTR and maize or rice yield was significant in different time scale from 64% stations,the DTR reducing was favorable to crop yield in the farming period,spring and summer,while the DTR increasing in autumn had a positive effect on crop yield.

Risk Analysis and Division for Potato Climatic Reduction in Fujian Province

LI Li chun1, CHEN Jia jin1, CHEN Hui1, HUANG Rong cheng2, YANG Kai1, LIN Jing1, PAN Wei hua1

2013, 34(02): 186-190. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.009

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The relative meteorological yield of potato was calculated by using 5 year line moving average method based on the annual potato yield data of 67 counties from 1993 to 2009 in Fujian province. The risk division indices,including average decreasing rate during disaster years, variation coefficient of decreasing rate during disaster years, probability occurrence of decreasing rate(＞5%), were determined. The comprehensive index was then calculated by using equal weighted method and the division map was drawn for the risk analysis and division of potato climatic reduction in Fujian province. The results showed that the regions with severe risk were distributed in the coastal counties south of Fuzhou, southern mountain areas and northern mountain areas, while regions with light risk were distributed in the other areas of the province. The fluctuation of potato yield in the southern area was more obvious, and the fluctuation in the northern area was very tiny. The probability occurrence spatial distribution of decreasing rate was basically identified with the spatial distribution of comprehensive risk index. Regions with high risk were mainly distributed in the coastal counties south of Fuzhou, Pucheng in the northern Fujian and Wuping in the southern corner, the regions with low risk were mainly distributed in one line (Changting-Yong′an-Youxi-Minhou) in the middle areas and the eastern areas of Fujian, and the regions with moderate risk were distributed in the other areas. The results could provide reference for rational distribution of potato yield and disaster prevention and reduction.

Meteorological Disaster Risk Assessment of Oilseed Rape under Climate Change Conditions

LU Kui dong1,PENG Li li1,HUANG Wan hua1,ZHOU Wei2

2013, 34(02): 191-196. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.010

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With meteorology data of 96 stations during 1961-2010,authors adopted correlation analysis method to choose seven meteorological disasters which restrict the yield of oilseed rape in Hunan and determined the weight coefficients of these factors with experts experience.Integrated risk index was established to assess meteorological disaster risk of oilseed rape in Hunan based on GIS.The seven disasters were drought at seedbed stage,drought at seedling stage in field,frost at seedling stage overwinter, frost at flower budding stage,continuous rain with low temperature at blooming stage,and continuous rain at pod setting and harvesting stages.The results showed that northeast and southeast of Hunan were the main local areas at the highest risk,and southeast of Chenzhou and most area of Zhangjiajie were at micro risk.Central Hunan including Loudi,north and center of Shaoyang,Xiangtan and Changsha,and north of Hunan including Yueyang,Yiyang were at higher risk.Other areas were at intermediate risk or low risk.The decadal change of oilseed rape risk during different periods of 1961 to 1990,1971 to 2000,and 1981 to 2010 were also analyzed.The range of the highest risk and higher risk showed a little decrease and the range of the low risk and micro risk showed a little increase in the context of global warming.The research result could provide scientific evidence for production distribution of oilseed rape.

Characteristic Analysis of Agricultural Meteorological Disasters and Risk Assessment of the Crop Loss in North China Plain during 1951-2010

HU Ya nan1,2，LI Kuo1，XU Yin long1

2013, 34(02): 197-203. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.011

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Based on the statistical data of disaster covered areas, disaster affected areas and disaster areas with no harvests of drought, flood, chilling damage, wind-hail, together with crop yield data, in North China Plain(NCP) from 1951 to 2010, the trends of strength and scope of these disasters covered was analyzed by using linear regression analysis, moving average, Mann-Kendall and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, and the impacts of disasters on agriculture production and the crop loss risk were also analyzed. The results showed that the trends disaster covered area ratio existed abrupt change in 1970, 1988, and 1974 for flood, chilling damage and wind-hail respectively, except for drought which tendency variation was not obvious, while a very significant increasing trend for the strength (P<0.01). Flood disaster covered area ratio was a very significant decreasing trend (P<0.01), and the disaster intensity decreased significantly (P<0.05). Wind and hail showed a very significant increase in the trend of both disaster covered area ratio and intensity (P<0.01). Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that drought was the main agro-meteorological disasters in the provinces and cities, the minimum extent of cold damage, during the whole 60 years, where had some differences at sort of the four kinds of disasters on the degree of influence of different provinces in each period. Crop loss quantity was increasing in NCP during the last 60 years. The high risk of crop loss caused by drought was moving towards to the north of NCP; the loss risk was increasing of wind-hail, and the increase speed in North was faster than that in South; its risk caused by flood and chilling damage always remained in the small or low degree.

Meteorological Prediction Model on the Occurrence Period and Extent of Rice Planthopper in Southwestern Guangdong

LIU Zu jian1,CHEN Bing1,CHEN Wei ye1,WANG Chun xia1,LIANG Sheng ming2,CHEN Guan hao2

2013, 34(02): 204-209. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.012

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The prediction model for rice planthopper occurrence period and occurrence extent was established by analyzing the main meteorological factors,based on monitoring data of the 2nd generation of rice planthopper from 1991 to 2010 and relative meteorological data in Huazhou city,Guangdong province.The results showed that there was an extreme significant negative correlation (P＜0.01）between the adult beginning peak period of the 2nd generation rice planthopper and the average lowest temperature in February and the average highest temperature from late March to early April,and there was an extreme significant positive correlation（P＜0.01）with relative humidity of March.There was an extreme significant negative correlation（P＜0.01）between the nymphl peak period and the average temperature from February to March and the average temperature from late March to early April.There was an extreme significant correlation（P＜0.01）between the occurrence extent and the average highest temperature from mid to late February,the average temperature from mid to late October and the sunshine hours in mid December last year.There was an extreme significant positive correlation (P＜0.01）between the attacked rice area and the average temperature of last October,and an extreme significant negative correlation (P＜0.01) with rainy days in last mid September and the humidity and temperature in mid March. Therefore,the meteorological predication model was proved to be used for predicting local rice planthopper occurrence.

Impact of Cumulative Meteorological Disasters Days on Crop Yields in Counties of Western Chongqing Based on Panel Data Model

LIN Jia1，2，CHEN Huan1，2，Yang Yuanyan1，WANG Ruoyu1，2，TANG Yi3

2013, 34(02): 210-214. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.013

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The spatial characteristics of three meteorological disasters and their impacts on crop yield per unit in counties of western Chongqing was analyzed，by using the panel date model based on cumulative days of continuous rain，floods and hot weather from 11 meteorological stations from 2004 to 2010，and the data of crop sown area and yield from local statistical yearbook The results showed that there was a difference in cumulative days and its fluctuations for three meteorological disastersCrop yield would decrease by 0.036%，0.015% and 0.31% respectively if 1% increases of cumulative days Therefore，it was benefit to keep crop yield stable that taking countermeasures to continuous rain，floods and hot weather in Western Chongqing

Autumn Chilling Indices during Heading to Flowering of Rice in Guizhou Province

WANG Lian xi1，2，ZUO Jin1，2，GU Xiao ping3，XU Yong ling3，LI Qi1，2

2013, 34(02): 215-220. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.014

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The cold accumulated temperature index for autumn chilling of rice in Guizhou province was analyzed by using of mathematic statistics and comparative confirmation methods，based on historical climate data and the rice yield data in typical autumn chilling of 1974，1980，1988 and 2002，considering the lowest biological temperature（LBT）values during heading to flowering of rice on different altitude.The regression equation between low-yield rate and cold accumulated temperature（LJW）in 2002 was established，and then the light，moderate，severe，most severe autumn chilling injury grades of rice in Guizhou were determined as 17＜LJW≤21，21＜LJW≤25，25＜LJW≤29，LJW＞29.The comparative results of the two methods （cold accumulated temperature and cold dew index）demonstrated that the cold accumulated temperature was superior to cold dew index in its application.

Applicability Analysis for Several Drought Indices to Agricultural Drought Evaluation during the Severe Drought Year in Yunnan

Zhong yan1，ZHONG Chu 2，ZHANG Ming da2，XIE Guo qing1

2013, 34(02): 221-228. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.015

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The applicability for monitoring and evaluation agricultural drought of five drought indices，including climate dry-wet index （I），relative moisture index （M），comprehensive meteorological drought index （Ci），precipitation anomaly percentage （Pa）and standardized precipitation index （SPI），was analyzed in Yunnan province by using of the correlation analysis and canonical correlation methods，based on the data of precipitation，average temperature，sunshine duration and soil moisture from August 2009 to July 2010 along with other climatic data in Yunnan The results showed that the explanation capability of these indices to the temporal-spatial variation of soil moisture （SM）was as follows：I＞M＞Ci＞Pa＞SPI，among which the explanation capability of the first three indices was 89.66%，85.47% and 82.59% respectively Pa and SPI were not able to express the changes of agricultural natural dry wet status accurately because of their primary expression for rainfall fluctuation Ci was still so sensitive to precipitation fluctuation that it was not suitable for being used in varied climates to a certain extent I and M distinguished natural dry wet changes well so were available to more immense areas They were superior to other three indexes while used in estimating agricultural drought and flood under various climates But both I and M had less susceptibility while used in the persistent severe-drought periods of long duration，when the length of duration time for index values below some critical values could indicate the intensity and persistence of drought

Design and Application of the Weather Indices of Winter Wheat Planting Insurance in Anhui Province

YANG Tai ming1,LIU Bu chun2,SUN Xi bo3，LI De4,XUN Shang pei1

2013, 34(02): 229-235. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.016

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For the design of winter wheat planting weather insurance product，5weather indices of winter wheat planting insurance were established，through analyzed the relationship of historical yield loss and disaster weather index,based on the 1993-2009 daily meteorological monitoring data combined with main agro meteorological disasters for the regional winter wheat during the growing season.These weather indices included drought index,late spring frost index,dry hot wind index,continuous overcast rain indexⅠand continuous overcast rain indexⅡ.Index insurance trigger value and compensation standards were established through analyzed the relationship of historical weather index payment ratio and historical yield loss ratio,defined the function of base risk,and minimized base risk.The weather insurance product was tested in Yongqiao district,Suzhou city, Anhui province.The product was sold and covered 1300ha from 2010 to 2012.The insurance premium was more than 110 thousands yuan,and the insurance indemnity was more than 220 thousands yuan due to the trigger of drought index.It can be concluded that the application of the weather insurance product can objectively and quickly provide economic compensation for disaster loss.

Extreme Temperature Events in Chongqing and Their Relation with the Mean Temperature and Precipitation Change Based on Granger Causality Test

LIU Jing long1，2，XU Gang1，2，YANG Juan3

2013, 34(02): 236-242. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.017

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The threshold of extreme temperature events was defined by percentile and agrometeorological service，according to the series data of daily temperature and precipitation in Chongqing from 1951 to 2010 The statistical results showed that the trends of the extreme temperature events defined by two methods were featured with similarity. The trends appeared that the extreme maximum temperature events in 1980s-1990s were relatively few and the strength was relatively weak in 1980s，which was opposite to that in other periods The Granger Causality Test was used to analyze the relation between the extreme temperature events and the change of mean temperature and precipitation，and the results showed that the causes of the rise of annual average temperature were the rise of frequency of extreme maximum temperature events and the fall of frequency of extreme minimum temperature events，and also the weakening of the strength of the extreme minimum temperature events It was also showed that the strength of the maximum temperature events was the cause of precipitation change in statistical sense The Granger Causality Test is a new statistical method to analyze the relationship of different events

Soil Moisture Monitoring with EOS/MODIS VSWI Product in Xilingol

HE Jun jie1，WANG Ying shun1，LI Yun peng2，WU Ri na2，LV Xiang wei3

2013, 34(02): 243-248. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.018

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The relationship between VSWI and relative soil moisture was analyzed based on the MODIS data and observed soil moisture of 0-10cm layer in 13 meteorological stations in Xilingol region inner Mongolia.The results showed that there was a linearity relationship between VSWI and relative soil moisture （P＜0.01），and the relative soil moisture measurement model was established.The simulation result with the model was in accord with practice.The drought process was monitored in August 2011 in Xilingol grassland.It was feasible to monitor extensive drought using VSWI，and it had important theoretical and practical significance to clarify soil moisture regime and drought.

Comparative Analysis on Hail Database Expansion——A Case Study of Anhui Province

TANG Wei an1，TIAN Hong1，MO Wei qiang2，WEN Hua yang1

2013, 34(02): 249-254. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2013.02.019

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In order to provide references to hail disaster research，a new hail database in Anhui province was expended by using of information meteorological records and meteorological dictionaries literature，the spatial temporal distribution differences between new database and previous database was analyzed. The results showed that the hail records increased from 793 to 2079 after expansion. The annual occurrence frequency of hail presented decadal variation in both two databases，and increased significantly before the year of 1974 and 1972 by using of the Mann-Kendall trend test（P＜0.01）. The hail occurred frequently in spring and summer，rarely in autumn and winter. The hail occurred typically from 15:00 to 17:00. However，the variation rate of hail occurrence from previous database was smaller than from the new database. The peak number of monthly hail occurrence appeared in March in old database，and in June after expansion. In general，the hail spatial distribution of expansion database included the main paths，which reduced research uncertainties

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