Effects of Solanum rostratum Invasion on Soil Properties in Different Soil Types
ZHAO Xiao-hong, ZHANG Guo-liang, SONG Zhen, ZHANG Rui-hai,YAN Jing, ZHANG Ting,
2017, 38(02):
76-87.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2017.02.002
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The effects of alien invasive plant on the soil ecosystem have become a hot spot in the research of invasion ecology. To analyze the influences of Solanum rostratum Dunal invasion on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in various habitats of different soil types, soil was sampled at two test areas in this study, one is in Xuanhua county of Hebei province and the other is in Baicheng city of Jilin province. In addition, to make a more comprehensive analysis of its impact on soil properties, 4 habitats were selected in each region (including wasteland, roadside, farmland and forestry in Xuanhua; wasteland, roadside, farmland and grassland in Baicheng；the forestry of Xuanhua and the grassland of Baicheng are the endemic habitats in each region, respectively). Soil nutrients and enzyme activities were determined by titration and colorimetry methods. The?results?indicated that the invasion of S. rostratum changed the soil nutrients. In the two areas，the total soil nitrogen was increased in farmland, forestry and grassland (P<0.05), in which the total nitrogen content of farmland and forestry in Xuanhua (anthropogenic-alluvial soil) was increased by 102.49% and 79.02% compared with CK, and that on farmland and grassland in Baicheng (light chernozem) was increased by 44.04% and 21.81% compared with CK; soil ammonium nitrogen content was also increased in farmland and forestry(P<0.05), in which the farmland and forestry in Xuanhua increased by 137.59% and 50.32% compared with CK, and 140.18% in farmland of Baicheng. In the same time, soil nitrate nitrogen content was increased in the roadside, forestry, farmland (Baicheng) and wasteland (Xuanhua) (P<0.05), among them, soil nitrate nitrogen content of wasteland, roadside and forestry was increased by 65.52%, 32.96% and 22.68% in Xuanhua, and that in roadside and farmland was increased by 132.59% and 153.96% in Baicheng, respectively. Soil organic matter content was enhanced in Xuanhua area and the wasteland and farmland of Baicheng (P<0.05); the total soil phosphorus content of wasteland, farmland and forestry in Xuanhua was decreased by 54.63%, 70.81% and 29.68%, and that in roadside and grassland of Baicheng was also decreased by 17.40% and 14.69% compared with CK (P<0.05), respectively. There was no significant effect on the total potassium and available potassium in the two regions.The invasion of S. rostratum changed the soil enzyme activity. Soil urease activity was significantly improved in the wasteland, farmland, forestry, grassland and roadside habitats (Xuanhua) (P<0.05); soil neutral phosphatase activity was improved in roadside of Xuanhua and wasteland, grassland of Baicheng(P<0.05); soil catalase activity was improved in wasteland and forestry of Xuanhua(P<0.05), however, there was no significant effect on the activity of catalase in Baicheng. For the soil nutrient and soil enzyme activities of some habitats there was no significant effect, which may be related to the climate, invasive time and other factors, and it need to be further studied. In short, S. rostratum may create the benefit soil environment for itself through changing soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities for further spread. Study on effects of S. rostratum invasion on soil nutrients and enzyme activities in different areas of different habitats will not only assess the impact of the ecological system, but also provide the basic data for the research and prevention of S. rostratum.
