Effect of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Rapid Fluorescence Induction Kinetics Characteristics of Facility Grape Leaves
HUANG Qin-qin, YANG Zai-qiang, LI Jia-shuai, LI Jia-jia, ZHENG Qian-tong, DING Yu-hui
2019, 40(09):
557-573.
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6362.2019.09.002
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The two-factor control experiment of soil moisture and nitrogen level was carried out with grape variety “Hongti” as test material. Soil water content was set at four levels: 70%-80%(W1), 60%-70%(W2), 50%-60%(W3) and 30%-40%(W4). Nitrogen was designed at four levels: 1.5N (25.5g·m-2, N1), 1N (17g·m-2, N2), 0.5N (8.5g·m-2, N3) and 0N (0g·m-2, N4), in which W1 and N2 were used as control (CK), the dynamic characteristics of fast fluorescence induction in grape leaves were measured in the first period, the second period and the third period of growth and the development of grape seedlings to understand the water and fertilizer requirements of protected grape. The results showed: (1) the coupling curves of different water, nitrogen and water-nitrogen coupling in the different observation stages of grape seedlings were similar, but with the decrease of soil moisture and nitrogen levels, different feature points(OJIP) there were significant differences, the higher the water and nitrogen levels, the greater the maximum fluorescence value of the grape leaves. (2) With the decreased of soil water content, the energy ratios of PSII reaction centers in grape leaves at different seedling stages were significantly different, compared with CK control group, quantum yield of absorbed light captured by reaction center(ΦPo), when the excition is captured by the reaction center, the ratio of excition occupied by other electron acceptors over QA in the driving electron transfer chain to excition(ψo) and quantum yields of light energy absorbed by reaction centers for electron transfer(ΦEo) were all inhibited, quantum ratio for heat dissipation(Do) was promoted. With the decreased of nitrogen application rate, ΦPo, ψo and ΦEo increased in different degrees, and ΦDo showed a downward trend. In each water-nitrogen coupling treatment, ΦPo was the largest under W1N3 treatment, and ψo and ΦEo were significantly improved under W2N4 treatment. The ΦDo value was highest under CK processing. (3) Light energy absorbed by the unit active reaction center(ABS/RC), energy recovered by the unit reaction center for reducing QA(TRo/RC), the energy dissipated by the unit reaction center(DIo/RC) increased as the soil water content decreased, while the lower the soil water content, the smaller the energy value captured by the unit reaction center for electron transfer(ETo/RC); compared with CK, the activity parameters of PSII reaction center treated by N1, N3 and N4 were all promoted; ABS/RC and DIo/RC were the highest under W1N3 treatment, TRo/RC was the largest under W3N2 treatment, and ETo/RC was significant promoted under W2N4 treatment. (4) The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of PSII gradually decreases with the decrease of soil moisture. The lower the soil water content, the lower the potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fo) of PSII; the highest variable fluorescence value under W2N3 treatment，the largest Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo value under W1N3 treatment.
