关键词: 油茶, 低温冻害, 天气指数保险, 纯费率厘定

Abstract:

Weather index insurance has become one of the important methodsfor agricultural weather risk transfer due to its transparent information and convenient claims process. In this study, Chenxi county in Hunan wasselectedas an example, based on the daily minimum temperature data and Camellia oleifera(C.oleifera) production data from 2009 to 2020,the extreme minimum temperature (T_c) and the negative effective accumulated temperature below 0℃(TT) were selected during the flowering and young fruit formation period of C.oleifera (from November to April of the next year)to determine the freezing injury index of C.oleifera and construct the index-disaster model. The Anderson-Darling test was used to obtain the optimal probability distribution model for the risk of C.oleifera freezing injury, and to determine the pure premium rate and compensation standard corresponding to different yield reduction rates. The actual compensation data from China Pacific Property Insurance Co.,Ltd. Hunan Branch (CPIC) in February 2022 was used for validation. The results showed that during the flowering and young fruit formation period of C. oleifera, TT had a higher correlation with the yield reduction rate than T_c, and was used to characterize the meteorological index for freezing injury to C.oleifera in Chenxi county. The risk distribution of C.oleifera freezing injury conformed to the 3-parameter logarithmic logistic distribution, with the position parameter of 2.537, scaleparameter of 0.323, and threshold parameter of −1.805. When the compensation trigger condition TT was 2.1-20.8℃·d, the net premium rate was determined to be 0.85%-7.85%, and the compensation standard corresponding to the production reduction rate at all levels was 3750-48750yuan·ha⁻¹. After calculation, the average compensation amount for the major C.oleifera producing towns in Chenxi county in February 2022 (5000yuan·ha⁻¹) was basically consistent with the actual compensation amount of CPIC (4954yuan·ha⁻¹). Based on the influence of freezing injury during the flowering and young fruit formation periodon the yield of C.oleifera in Hunan, a weather index insurance scheme for C.oleifera freezing injuries has been designed, which can serve as a reference for Hunan to establish and improve its insurance system for C.oleifera.

Key words: Camelliaoleifera, Freezing injury, Weather index insurance, Pure rate determination