Table of Content

10 February 2006, Volume 27 Issue 01

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论文

Analysis of Correlation BetweenEffective Components of Burk(Panax Notoginseng) and Meteorological Factors

FENG Xu-qin~(1),CUI Xiu-ming~(2),CHEN Zhong-jian~(2),ZHANG Yi-ling~(1),ZHANG Wen-sheng~(1)(1.Institute of Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources,College of Resources,Beijing NormalUniversity,Beijing 100875,China;2.Institute of Wenshan Notoginseng Science and Technology)

2006, 27(01):  16-18. 

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By using correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis,the correlation between effective components of Burk (Panax Notoginseng)and meteorologicalfactors,including air temperature,precipitation,sunshine duration and relative humidity was systematically analyzed to identify the key factors which influenced the effective components of Burk (Panax Notoginseng).The results showed that the precipitation in January and annual temperature difference were the key factors influenced the total saponins content of Burk.The more precipitation benefited the accumulation of flavonoids,but restrained the accumulation of the total saponins,polysaccharides and dencichine.

The Effect of Lone-term Fertilization Treatment on Methane Emission from Rice Fields in Hunan

QIN Xiao-bo~(1),LI Yu'e~(1),LIU Ke-ying~(2),WAN Yun-fan~1,GAO Qing-zhu~1(1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;2.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

2006, 27(01):  19-22. 

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The methane emission in rice fields by longterm fertilization treatments at Wangcheng County of Hunan Province was determined by using the static chamber-GC theory with manual method.The results indicated that the mix of organic fertilizer with nitrogen fertilizer would lead to large numbers of methane emission,while there was only a few methane emission from the treatment with simply nitrogen fertilizer.The methane emission fluxes from manure treatment were less than the straw treatment.The effect factors of the various fertilizer treatments on methane emission in rice fields were discussed.

An Optimal Climate Decision-making Method Suitable for Local Cropping Systems

ZOU Xi-yun~(1),LIU Dian-ying~(1),WEN Qiang~(1),ZHANG Xuan-min~(1),ZOU Yin~(2)(1.Meteorological Bureau of Yiyang City,Yiyang 413000,China;2.Meteorological Bureau of Changsha City)

2006, 27(01):  23-26. 

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Based on the data of local climate and natural conditions,the optimal cropping system patterns under different climate pattern were determined by single point graph method to integrate the rational utilization of the different resources,such as land,labor force and meteorological information,during the decision-making process.

The Application of World Food Study Model(WOFOST) for Yield Prediction in Heilongjiang Province

GAO Yong-gang~(1),WANG Yu-guang~(1),YIN Shi-ping~(1),Yannick CURNEL~(2)(1.Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Harbin 150030,China;2.Agricultural Research Centre of Gembloux)

2006, 27(01):  27-30. 

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Based on the studied results,the model parameters of the World Food Study Model(WOFOST) were divided into different fitting parts for the four main crops and the yields of the four main crops were simulated and analyzed in Heilongjiang Province,by the synthesis regression equations with the predicted yields by WOFOST model and the trend yields.The results showed that the synthesis methods were better,available and worthy of theoretical study for reality applications.The application restricts of a set of united parameters were overcome.The application fields were developed under the sophisticated climate conditions for the WOFOST model.The shortcomings and the prospect were pointed out in this paper.

The GM(1,1) Prediction Model on Air Temperature and Relative Humidity in Hetian Oasis

ZHANG Xiao-wei~(1),GUAN Dong-hai~(2),MO Shu-hong~(1)(1.University of Technology of Xi'an,Institute of Water Resources,Xi'an 710048,China;2.Xinjiang Academy ofHydraulic and Hydropower Engineering)

2006, 27(01):  31-33. 

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Based on the observed data from 1954 to 2002,the GM(1,1) prediction model was established for the average air temperature and relative humidity,the main factors affecting potential evaporation in Hetian Oasis.The prediction results were relatively satisfactory and would provide some references for the study of potential evaporation and mid-long-term prediction.

Analysis of Climate Suitability for Umbilical Orange Planting in Mountain Areas of South Anhui Province

MA Xiao-qun~(1),KE Yong-ping~(2),ZHANG Ai-min~(1)(1.Institute of Meteorological Science of Anhui Province,Hefei 230031,China;2.Meteorological Bureau of Huangshan City)

2006, 27(01):  34-37. 

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Based on the observed meteorological data from 1953 to 2003,the main climate indices and the required climate conditions for umbilical orange growth and development were compared in the mountain areas of South Anhui Province and Zigui of Hubei Province.The water and thermal conditions and their changes in recent years in the mountain areas of South Anhui Province were analyzed.The climate suitability for umbilical orange planting in mountain areas of South Anhui Province was assessed.The result indicated that precipitation and sunlight conditions in the two areas were similar,while the thermal conditions in the mountain areas of South Anhui Province was worse than in Zigui of Hubei Province.The insufficient accumulated temperature of ≥10℃ influenced the fruit quality of umbilical orange.The main restricted factor for umbilical orange planting was too low extreme lowest temperature in winter in mountain areas of South Anhui.Thermal conditions still did not meet the needs for a safe overwintering of umbilical orange,although thermal conditions had been improved due to climate change.Therefore,the umbilical orange could only be planted in the warm sloping fields.The frozen disaster in the winter and drought in the summer and autumn was still needed to prevent.

Geographical Distribution and Change Characters of Crop Climate Productivity in Shaanxi Province

ZHANG Yong-hong,GE Hui-yan(Meteorological Bureau of Weinan City,Weinan 714000,China)

2006, 27(01):  38-40. 

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Based on the meteorological data of 78 representative stations in recent 40 years,the geographical distribution and change characters of crop climatic productivity in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by using the Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) and other statistic methods.The crop climate productivity under climate change scenarios was simulated.The warm and wet climate would benefit the agriculture production with an average increase of crop yield by 8.0% to 9.6%,while the cold and dry climate would have an adverse impact on agriculture production with an average decrease of crop yield by 8.6% to 10.4%.

Changes of the Phenological Phase of Populus tomentosa and its Response to Climate Change

QI Ru-ying~(1),YAN Jin-rui~(2),WANG Qi-lan~(3)(1.Qinghai Province Climate Center,Xining 810001,China;2.Qinghai Province Climate Science Institute;3.The Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,CAS)

2006, 27(01):  41-45. 

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Based on the phenological phase change of Populus tomentosa in 4 observation stations in Qinghai during 1987-2003,its response to climate change were analyzed.The result showed that the green leaf growth period prolonged in resent 10 years.The response of the phenological phase change to temperature change was very sensitive.Due to the mean air temperature increased 1℃ from September to April next year,the mean leaf bud opening phase was ahead of 5 days,the leaf unfold phase was ahead 3 days,the florescence starting phase was ahead 4 days.Due to the mean air temperature increased 1℃ from September to June next year,the seed maturation phase was ahead about 3 days.When the mean air temperature increased 1℃ from September to August next year,the whole leaf turn color phase delayed 4-5 days,and the mean interval days was prolonged 12 days from leaf bud open to whole leaf turned color in autumn.There was not apparent response to precipitation and sunlight.

Influence of High Temperature and Drought During Summer and Autumn on Late Rice Yield in Jiangxi Province

LU Dong-mei~(1),LIU Wen-ying~(2)(1.Meteorological Bureau of Nanchang,Nanchang 330046,China;2.Center ofAgrometeorology of Jiangxi Province)

2006, 27(01):  46-48. 

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The occurrence frequency,spatial and temperal distribution of high temperature and drought in summer and autumn during 1961 2003 in Jiangxi Province were analyzed.It was found that the late rice yields were negative related with the accumulative times of the high temperature and drought in summer and autumn.The late rice yield would significantly reduce when accumulative times of the high temperature and drought over 120 stations or times with the occurrence frequency by 85.7%.When the high temperature and drought were accumulated over 77 stations or times,the late rice yield would decrease by 8.09 kg/hm~(2)with increase of each 10 station or time occurrences of the high temperature and drought.

Effects of Sunlight and Temperature Conditions on Heading Period and Seed Setting Rate of Late Rice

LOU Wei-ping~(1),ZHANG Han~(2),SUN Yong-fei~(3),ZHAN Wei-xiang~(1),YU Yu-feng~(1),WU Rui~(1)(1.Xinchang Meteorological Bureau,Zhejiang 312500,China; 2.Shaoxing Meteorological Bureau;3.Xinchang Agricultural Bureau)

2006, 27(01):  49-52. 

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The date tests of late rice varieties Xieyou 9308 and Shaonuo 119 were conducted to determine the influence of sunlight and temperature conditions on heading period and setting percentage of late rice.The results showed that the both of varieties were with a strong light sensitivity.The number of days from sowing stage to heading stage could be determined by the sunlight hours and accumulated temperature during growing period.The temperature was the main meteorological factor that affected setting percentage.The high setting percentage needed a moderate temperature from booting stage to heading stage.The decreased setting percentage of late rice in the middle of Zhejiang Province was due to low temperature during booting and flowering stages integrating the analysis of field investigation data from 1995 to 2004.The selection of sowing date of late rice in practice should consider the available sunlight hours and temperature condition during booting and heading stages.The variety Xieyou 9308 was easy to be injured by low temperature than conventional varieties and not suitable to be sowed as late rice.

A Study on Spring Drought in Songnen Plain in Recent Year

LI Ting-quan~(1),NA Ji-hai~(1),WANG Ping~(2),JIANG Li-Xia~(2),YAN Ping~(2),LI Tie~(1)(1.Meteorological Bureau of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150001,China;2.Institute of MeteorologicalScience of Heilongjiang Province)

2006, 27(01):  53-55. 

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Based on the observed data of precipitation and temperature from 1971 to 2004,the spring wetness coefficient and Zhang Bao-kun dry coefficient were calculated in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province.It was concluded that the drought frequently occurred in Songnen Plain in recent springs characterized with long last and serious damage.The spring drought was one of the main disasters affected the grain production.

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions of Wilting of Edible Cactuses

LI Hong-wei~(1),ZHANG Sui-ju~(1),YANG Guang-xian~(1),ZHOU Jian-qun~(1),WANG Zhi-qiang~(2),ZHAO Fei-miao~(2)(1.Meteorological Bureau of Zhengzhou City,Zhengzhou 450005,China;2.Henan Meteorological Training Center)

2006, 27(01):  56-58. 

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The wilting of the edible cactus planting in the greenhouse shed with plastic film occurred sometimes even under a good soil moisture condition.We observed and analyzed the physiological characteristics of the edible cactuses.It was concluded that the cactus was easy to wilt if the temperature rose rapidly,when the weather turned to be sunny suddenly after cloudy raining days.The field management measures to response were put forward.

A Investigation Report on Wheat Drought and Reason Analysis

YANG Shuan-fen~(1),LI Dong~(2),RU Tian-xiang~1,WANG Juan~3,ZHAO Rui~1,JI Chao-feng~1(1.Agriculture Bureau of Mianchi County,Mianchi 472400,China;2.Weather Bureau ofMianchi County;3.Constuction Bureau of Mianchi County)

2006, 27(01):  59-60. 

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The investigation results in Mianchi region in 2002 displayed that water shortage in the deep layer soil at the jointing stage was the predominant factor of drought formation,and applying too much fertilizer and choosing unappreciated spices made the drought more serious.

Analysis of Climatic Fitness for Tree Planting in Jilin Province

LIU Yu-ying,YU Xiu-jing(Meteorological Observation Station of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062,China)

2006, 27(01):  61-63. 

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The climatic fitness for tree planting in Jilin Province was zoned by analyzing hydrological balance.The results showed that the West Jilin was not suitable to plant arbor at the large scale,but mainly to plant brush and arbor where water was available.Arbor planting was suitable in the most parts of Middle Jilin,but more suitable to plant brush in the hill slope and hillock.The East Jilin was a suitable region for arbor planting.

Analysis of Relationships Between Grain YieldPer Unitand Distribution Characters of RadiationTemperature and Precipitation Based on GIS: A Case Study of Anhui Province

JIN Bao-shi~(1),ZHA Liang-song~(2)(1.Department of Resources and Environment,Anqing Teachers' college,Anqing 246011,China;2.Collegeof National Territorial Resource & Tourism,Anhui Normal University)

2006, 27(01):  40548-405. 

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The relationships between grain yieldper unitand the distribution characters of radiation,Temperature and precipitation werequantitatively analyzed based on GIS,taken Anhui Province as a case study.The yearly grain yield of 78counties from 1950's to 2000 and the monthly mean solar radiation,temperature and precipitation of 78 meteorologystationsin Anhui Province were interpolated by using geo-statistics and associated GIS technology.On the basisof grid data,the relationships between the grain yieldper unitand the distribution characters of the different climate variables werequantitatively analyzed for each region based on the spatial analyst of GIS.The result showed that grain yieldper unit was restrained by temperature,radiation,and precipitationin sequence.In fact,the grain yield was comparatively low in the regions with the ascendant resources of radiation and temperature,and should take the measures better to utilize these resources and increase the grain yield per unit.

The Accuracy Analysis of Reference Evapotranspiration(ET_0) Calculation by Using Estimated Solar Radiation in Hunshandake Desert Areas

SHANG Yan~(1),CHAOLUNBAGEN~(1),DABUXI~(1),YU Chan ~(1),CHAI Jian-hua ~(2)(1.College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolian Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018,China;2.Institute of Meteorological Research of Inner Mongolia;3.Institute of Water Resources of Inner Mongolia)

2006, 27(01):  40704-407. 

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Based on the reference evapotranspiration(ET_(0)) calculated by the observed solar radiation in the three meteorological stations in Hunshandake desert land areas,the accuracy of reference Evapotranspiration(ET_(0)) estimated by solar radiation was analyzed,by applying the FAO referenced Penman-Monteith formula.The results showed that the calculating errors of the ET_(0) would be significant when the actual duration of sunshine was short.In this case,the method should be modified.

Spatially Distribution of Water Vapor Press under Rugged Terrain on GIS in Chongqing

YANG Yang~(1,2),MIAO Qi-long~(2),QIU Xin-fa~(2),GAO Yang-hua~(3)(1.Institute of Atmosphere Environment,China Meteorology Administration,Shengyang 110016,China;2.Nanjing Institute of Meteorology;3.Chongqing Meteorological Bureau)

2006, 27(01):  40862-408. 

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Based on the spatially distribution model of water vapor press under the rugged terrain,the spatial distributions of water vapor press monthly and yearly average at 100 meters and under real terrain in Chongqing were calculated by the interpolation method.The result showed that the seasonal changes of water vapor press in Chongqing were significant.The water vapor press decreased with the increasing of sea level elevation.The lowest water vapor press of each month appeared in the Northeast Mountain Areas.